Groundhog Day is a 1993 American comedy film directed by Harold Ramis and written by Ramis and Danny Rubin. It stars Bill Murray as Phil Connors, a TV weather expert who, during his assignment which includes the annual Groundhog Day event, is caught in a circle of time, repeating the same day over and over again. Andie MacDowell and Chris Elliott played.
Groundhog Day is a simple success on the release and garnered generally positive reviews. It then attracts critical acclaim and is now often included in the best comedy film list. The term "groundhog day" is now used to describe a recurring situation in the arena of government and military. In 2006, the film was added to the US National Film List as "culturally, historically, or aesthetically." The stage music adaptation aired in 2016.
Video Groundhog Day (film)
Plot
Weatherman Phil Connors assures Pittsburgh viewers that an approaching snow storm will lose western Pennsylvania. He went with news producer Rita Hanson and cameraman Larry to Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania, to cover Groundhog Day celebrations. Phil has no secrets of humiliation for the duties, small towns, and "hicks" who live there.
The next day, Phil wakes up in bed and breakfast Punxsutawney to Sonny & amp; Cher's "I Got You Babe" on clock radio. He recorded half-hearted reports about Punxsutawney Phil and the city celebrations. Rita wants to stay and cover other events, but Phil wants to go back to Pittsburgh. A snowstorm enveloped the area in the snow, circling them in Punxsutawney. Phil avoids celebration and retires to bed early.
Phil woke up to "I Got You Babe" and the same announcement from the radio, and found the day's show exactly the same. Phil revives the day and returns to bed, assuming it is a dream, but still Groundhog Day when he wakes up: he is caught in a time loop that no one else is aware of. Realizing no consequences for his actions, he spent the first few rounds involved in a drinking party, one-night stand, and reckless driving. He became depressed and committed suicide several times, but did not escape from the loop.
Phil tries to explain the situation to Rita, to whom he has feelings, by accurately predicting the events of the day. Rita sympathizes and they spend a whole circle together, but Phil wakes himself as usual. He decided to use his knowledge of the day's events to improve oneself and the lives of others; he learned how to play the piano, sculpt the ice, and speak French, but can not prevent the death of a homeless person.
During one round, Phil enthusiastically reported Groundhog Day, Rita's extraordinary day. They spend the rest of the day together, with Phil impressing him with a transformation of the night and charity. He managed to bid for Phil at a charity bachelor auction. Phil makes an ice statue of Rita's face, and tells him that no matter what happens, even if he's destined to keep up alone every morning forever, he wants him to know that he's finally happy, because he loves her. They retired together to the Phil Inn. Phil wakes up to "I Got You Babe" again, but finds Rita still in bed with her; he has escaped the time loop.
Maps Groundhog Day (film)
Cast
Production
Drafts
Danny Rubin has completed and sold his script for Hearing No Evil and moved from Chicago to Los Angeles to become a professional screenwriter around 1990. His agent suggested that he prepare a "calling card" script he could use to get meetings with various manufacturers. He came up with the core idea of ​​a script that would become Groundhog Day while sitting in the cinema. He asks himself the question "If a person can live forever, if someone is immortal, how will they change over time?" Having these characters become immortal and changing the world around them will be too complicated for filming. Instead, he returned to the concept he wrote about two years earlier about a man who lived on the same day over and over again. With someone's idea changing over time, this repeated day motif finds "deeper goals" in the new script. Both ideas, combined, answer the proverbial question and unlock some possible drama and comedy with that framework.
Rubin first understood the dating aspect for the film, "being able to use your boss's knowledge to pick up women", which led to the film being more inclined to the comedy side. He knew he needed some calendar dates to use on that day, and his previous concept had a character that revived the end of January repeatedly; when he sees his calendar, he sees Groundhog Day, February 2, as a date with great potential as a recognized holiday but one with a bit of fanfare, and the date on which the film can be played every year, similar to a special Christmas or Halloween. Groundhog Day also presented Rubin with the idea of ​​being able to bring his character out of his hometown to foreign territory and the relative isolation of Punxsutawney, and cemented a character named Phil in honor of Punxsutawney Phil, and made him a weather expert. Rubin takes about seven weeks to refine the basic concepts and "rules" for the time loop in the movie, and then complete the first draft of the scenario in three to four days.
Rubin started shopping scenarios around about 50 different manufacturers. While many studios expressed interest, they told him that they would not be able to film it, even though Rubin was able to secure additional work through these meetings. After his own agent left the industry, Rubin hired a spec agency to help sell more scripts. The script reached the hands of Richard Lovett at the Creative Artists Agency, who could get it for Harold Ramis around 1991, leading to Ramis offering to produce the film.
Writing and casting
In the first manuscript, Rubin did not want to explain to the audience how Phil got in the circle, and so did the film start in the media res, with Phil already in the midst of iteration; the audience will follow one of his days after waking up to "I Got You Babe" where he has realized what will happen, and thus provokes the curiosity of the audience; the film will then use a voiceover narrative by Phil to provide some backstory. Rita will also claim to be stuck in her own time loop. Rubin considers this draft more in line with the black comedy Kind Hearts and Coronets, in particular with Phil's suicide.
While Ramis wanted to defend this approach, the studio applied the pressure to use a more standard narrative structure, forcing Rubin to rewrite the script under Ramis's direction. The big change is to restructure the film as a three-round standard film. The script of this second scenario sets the reason Phil was put into a time cycle, according to actor Eddie Deezen. In that version, Phil unceremoniously dumped his current girlfriend Stephanie during the movie delivery scene in the studio. While Phil is in Punxsutawney, a scorned Stephanie devises a way to cast a spell to trap Phil in a circle for 10,000 years. According to Rubin, he feels that he has taken a defensive position in writing these new scenes, feeling that he will "take on all that is innovative and interesting and turn it into an easily denied Hollywood comedy film", and acknowledge that Ramis interceded in his name to remove scene of this explanation while maintaining the format of three innings.
Another change in the second draft is to change Phil's attitude because it has received the nature of the time-cycle, to one of the more optimistic about the ability to end the round, making the role more suitable for Murray's comedic talents. Ramis has known Murray since their days in The Second City improvised group and has used him in several successful films before Groundhog Day, so he knows how to play his power to convince Murray to take on the role. Before Murray's casting, Tom Hanks and Michael Keaton rejected the lead role.
Filming
The film was taken in Woodstock, Illinois, 60 miles (97 kilometers) northwest of Chicago near the Wisconsin border, as Punxsutawney "lacks the center of a city that looks good on camera", according to Ramis, and because of Punxsutawney's remote location enlarged. logistics issues and shooting costs there. Woodstock is a suitable substitute for Pennsylvania in winter; Furthermore, Ramis knows the area as a native of Chicago and admits it will be easy to get a license to film there and operate film production during the winter months. Officials of Punxsutawney, irritated that their city has been skipped, refused to allow Punxsutawney Phil who actually appeared in the film, but sent representatives to Woodstock to ensure the ceremony was accurately described; according to producer Trevor Albert, the Punxsutawney officers "are actually very happy" with their recreation of Gobbler's Knob, a site near Punxsutawney used for Groundhog Day ceremonies. The filming began on March 16, 1992, and continues into May. Most of the filming was done in colder weather than usual, with Murray saying that temperatures are often below 20 ° F (-7 ° C), and snowfall lasts until May.
Punxsutawney Phil is played by a series of groundhogs that are collectively known as Scooter. "[The animals] hate my guts from day one," said Murray, who was bitten twice during filming, including during filming where he pushed himself and Phil into the abyss. The bite was severe enough that he was forced to undergo rabies preventive immunization afterwards.
The Tip Top Cafe, where many indoor scenes occur, is a set made for movies, but it becomes an actual restaurant, Tip Top Bistro, following the movie's success. Then, it becomes an Italian coffee shop and ice cream, and after that fried chicken outlets. The Cherry Street Inn, Queen Anne-Victorian Bed & amp; breakfast where Murray's character lives, is a private home at the time of filming. Today, it's a bed & amp; breakfast.
During the filming, Murray was in the midst of marital problems and several crew members reported that his attitude was uncertain. Murray wanted to make the film more contemplative and less comedic, contrary to Ramis's view. Instead of having to deal with Murray's ongoing phone calls, Ramis told Murray to work with Rubin in New York City directly to adjust the script to meet Murray's request. Actor Stephen Tobolowsky describes the script change: "When I got that role, the movie was still like a mediocre Bill Murray movie," he said. "You know, Bill Murray, with no consequence, in a comic situation... Not until we get into the shootings that all change in his head, and that becomes not just a good movie, not just a great movie, but a classic."
During his work with Rubin, Murray refused to speak with Ramis, according to Rubin. When Murray returned to Woodstock to finish filming, Ramis described his behavior as "totally unreasonable", and difficult to work with. After the filming, collaboration and old friendship of Ramis and Murray ended abruptly, without any public explanation. Except for a few words in the back, and then at the bar mitzvah, the two men had not spoken for nearly 20 years after the film was released. Murray finally started reconciliation - on the advice of Brian Doyle Murray - only after Ramis entered the final stage of his deadly illness.
Release
Critical reception
The film was released for generally favorable reviews. Janet Maslin of The New York Times called it "a very smart and resonant comedy" and Hal Hinson of The Washington Post called it "the best American comedy ever since 'Tootsie'". Owen Gleiberman of Entertainment Weekly gave it a "B-", and Desson Howe from The Washington Post noted that although the film is a good Bill Murray vehicle, "'Groundhog' No will ever be designated as a national film treasure by the Library of Congress. "Ironically, the film was selected by the National Film Preservation Council for conservation at the Library of Congress in 2006.
Roger Ebert reviewed in his "Great Movie" series. After giving it a three-star rating in the original review, Ebert admits in his "Great Films" essay that, like many viewers, he at first underestimated much of the movie's goodness and only came to really appreciate it through repeating the look.
The film is number 32 in Bravo "100 Funniest Movies". In the 1990s special edition movie Total Film , Groundhog Day was considered the best movie of 1993 (the year that saw the release of Schindler List , > The Piano , Perfect World and The Fugitives ). In 2000, readers of Total Film voted him the seventh greatest comedy of all time. The Writers Guild of America ranked scenario # 27 in the list of 101 Largest Scenarios ever written. In 2009, American literary theorist Stanley Fish called the film one of the top ten American films ever written, writing that "when film gets more serious, it becomes funny." Comedy and philosophy (how can people live?) sitting side by side, but side by side in a very satisfying whole. "In 2011, Time Out London named it the 5th greatest comedy movie of all time.
Groundhog Day holds a 96% "Certified Fresh" rating on Rotten Tomatoes. The consensus of the site reads "Smart, sweet and inventive, Groundhog Day" highlights Murray's dramatic prizes while still leaving plenty of room for laughter. " The film is considered a contemporary classic. It has a score of 72 out of 100 in Metacritic, indicating "Generally favorable reviews." box office
The film is a solid player in the initial release, grossing $ 70.9 million in North America and ranked 13th among films released in 1993. It was nominated for the Hugo Award for Best Drama Presentation, but lost to Jurassic Park .
Accolades
- BAFTA Award for Best Original Scenario 1994
- The 1993 British Comedy Awards (Comedy Movie)
- Saturn Award for Best Actress (Film) (Andie MacDowell)
In June 2008, AFI revealed "Top Ten Ten" - ten best films in ten genres of American "classic" movies - after polling more than 1,500 people from the creative community. Groundhog Day is recognized as the eighth best movie in the fantasy genre.
The film is recognized by the American Film Institute in this list:
- AFI 100 Years... 100 Laughs - # 34
- 2008: 10 Top 10 AFI:
- # 8 Fantasy Movies
Interpretation and analysis
The film is often regarded as an allegory of self-improvement, emphasizing that happiness comes from placing the needs of others above selfish desires. Because the released film does not provide an explanation of why the time loop occurs - or why it ends - the viewer is left to draw their own conclusions. Rubin said that while he and Ramis discussed some of the philosophical and spiritual aspects of the film, they "never meant [to] be anything more than a good, touching, and entertaining story."
"Groundhog Day", as an expression, has become an acronym for the concept of spiritual transcendence. Thus, the film has become a favorite of some Buddhists, who see themes of selflessness and rebirth as a reflection of their own spiritual message. In the Judeo-Christian tradition, it has been seen as a representation of purgatory. "Connors goes to his own version of hell, but because he is not evil, it turns out to be purgatory, from which he is liberated by letting go of his selfishness and doing love acts," Jonah Goldberg wrote. "Meanwhile, Hindus and Buddhists see a version of reincarnation here, and the Jews found great significance in the fact that Connors was saved only after he performed good deeds and returned to earth, not heaven, to do more. "It has even been described by some religious leaders as" the most spiritual film of our time ". "The curse was lifted when Bill Murray blessed the day he just went through," wrote critic Rick Brookhiser. "And his reward is that the day is taken away from him, loving life includes loving the fact that it works."
Theologian Michael P. Pholey, writing for Touchstone Magazine, commented on the difficulty of determining the single religious or philosophical interpretation of the film, given Ramdî's "ambiguous religious conviction" as "an agnostic Jew who grew up and married a Buddhist" , and suggests that when not seen through a "single hermeneutical lens", the film can be seen as "an astonishing allegory of moral, intellectual, and even religious superiority in the face of postmodern decay, a kind of Christian-Aristotelian Pilgrim's Progress for those lost in the contemporary cosmos. "Others see the interpretation of Nietzsche's direction to imagine life - metaphorically or literally - as a repetition of endless events. "How will this shape your actions?" asked Goldberg. "What would you choose to live forever?"
Speculation of the time loop
In relation to the spiritual interpretation of the films, many are trying to estimate how long Phil should remain trapped in a circle, in real time, with a wide variance in predicted values. During the filming, Ramis, who is a Buddhist, observes that according to Buddhist doctrine, it takes 10,000 years for the soul to evolve to the next level. Therefore, he said, in a spiritual sense, the entire Groundhog Day arc stretched 10,000 years. Deezen noted that the second draft script script calls for Phil to be condemned to undergo a 10,000 year time span. In DVD commentary, Ramis estimates the real time duration of 10 years. Later, Ramis told a reporter, "I think the 10-year estimate is too short, it takes at least 10 years to get good in everything, and look for time to descend and the lost years it spends, it should be more like 30 or 40 years. "
In 2005, Rubin said, "In the end it's a weird political issue because if you ask the studio, 'How long do it take?', They'll say, 'Two weeks' But the core of the movie for me is that you have to feeling that you are holding back something that has lasted long... For me it must be - I do not know.Hundred years, Lifetime. "By 2014, WhatCulture website combines assumptions of time duration and estimates that Phil spent a total of 12,395 days - just under 34 years old - revive Groundhog Day.
Legacy
The narrative of a protagonist who is trapped in a circle of time, where escaping is only possible after gathering knowledge through many baits, is a popular metaphor in the work of fiction. Rubin notes that with his script, he "found a story with all the classic talent, so simple and true that it can be retold in different ways by many different storytellers." Though not the earliest example, figurative has been named after Groundhog Day by the TV Tropes website and other sources because it sets the metaphor in popular culture. Movies like Edge of Tomorrow and ARQ have used them, just like television shows; one of the better known examples is the episode of The X-Files "Monday". Other genres, including sitcoms and dramas, have used it as well. The Pilot Viruet, in Vice magazine, writes, "Due to the reset button provided by the trope, TV episodes can explore different scenarios, plots, character interactions, and results - and if they do not feel right, the authors can start from scratch (often with a high-pitched alarm clock). "
The phrase "Groundhog Day" has entered into common usage as a reference to repeatedly unpleasant situations. Goldberg paraphrased the common sense as "the same thing, different day". In the military, it refers to an unpleasant, unchanging, and repetitive situation because "Groundhog Day" became widespread soon after the film was released in February 1993. A magazine article on the aircraft carrier USSÃ, America > mentions its use by seafarers in September 1993. The film became a favorite among Rangers deployed for Operation Gothic Snake in Somalia in 1993, as they saw the film as a metaphor of their own situation, awaiting long, monotonous days between raids. In February 1994, crew members of the aircraft carrier USS Saratoga refers to their placement in the Adriatic Sea, to support Bosnia's operations, as Groundhog Station. The speech by President Clinton in January 1996 specifically refers to the film and the use of phrases by military personnel in Bosnia. Fourteen years after the film's release, "Groundhog Day" was recorded as a general American military slang for every day of the task trip in Iraq, often as the successor of the SNAFU "SNAFU" World War II slang ("The Normal Situation: All Fucked Up").
In his memoir of the Iraq War Victim Denied, Major Roger Aeschliman describes keeping various guests visiting as his "Groundhog Day":
Changes are dignified but others are exactly the same. The same plane drops it off in the same place. The same helicopter takes us to the same meeting with the same presenter covering the same topic using the same slide. We visited the same troops in the same mess room and sent them away from the same airport runway to find our own way home late at night. Repeated and repetitive and repetitive until we are redeemed and allowed to return to Kansas. Amen.
In a memoir of 2015, GuantÃÆ'¡namo Diary , Mohamedou Ould Slahi refers to the film twice to describe his ongoing confinement in Guantanamo, Cuba.
Member of Parliament Dennis Skinner compared the treatment of British Prime Minister Tony Blair after the 2004 Hutton Investigation of the film. "[The affair], he said, like Groundhog Day, with a prime minister critic who demanded an investigation, then another question, then another question." Blair replied, "I can not make it better. I do not do it better."
Events
The town of Punxsutawney has witnessed a much larger crowd at Groundhog Day's annual event since the film's launch.
Since 1992, the town of Woodstock, Illinois, where most of the film has been filmed has held the annual Groundhog Day festival, featuring dinner dances, free movie screenings and walking tours to opera houses, bowling alleys, cinemas, Moose Lodge. (dinner scene dance scene), home of piano teacher, Cherry Street Inn, and other locations of film.
On February 2, 2016, film fans in Liverpool experienced their own "Groundhog Day" by watching the movie 12 times in 24 hours.
On February 2nd, 2018, Sky Cinema showed the film 13 times to celebrate the film's event named. All this in sequence from 6 am, showing Dragnet being the only different movie featured on the channel that day.
Adaptation stage
Although Stephen Sondheim expressed interest in creating a musical adaptation of the film in 2003, he finally concluded that "... to make musicals from Groundhog Day is to gild the lilies, this can not be fixed." Nevertheless, Ramis announced on in 2009 that Rubin is working on an adaptation. At the 2014 concert at Hyde Park, Australian lyricist and lyricist Tim Minchin performed the song he wrote for the show, "Seeing You".
The musical was officially confirmed in April 2015, with a book by Rubin based on the original scenario and Ramis, directed by Matthew Warchus, choreography by Peter Darling, a design by Rob Howell, and Minchin's original score and lyrics. This production brings together most of the creative team behind the 2010 musical Matilda . It premiered in 2016 at The Old Vic theater in London as part of Warchus's debut season as artistic director there. The Broadway show begins in March 2017. The musical was well received, with the London show and Broadway receiving numerous nominations and awards, including the Laurence Olivier Award for Best New Musical for the London production.
See also
- List of movies that show the time loop
References
Further reading
- Gilbey, Ryan (2004). Groundhog Day . London: The British Film Institute. ISBN: 1-84457-032-0.
- Rubin, Danny (2012). How to Write "Groundhog Day" . Boston: Triad Publishing. ASINÃ, B0072PEV6U.
External links
- Groundhog Day on IMDb
- Groundhog Day in the TCM Film Database
- Groundhog Day at AllMovie
- Groundhog Day at the American Film Movie Catalog
- Groundhog Day in Box Office Mojo
- Groundhog Day at Rotten Tomatoes
Source of the article : Wikipedia
0 Comments