Rockefeller family

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The Rockefeller family ( ) is an American industrial, political and banking family with one of the world's greatest wealth. The luck was originally made in the US petroleum industry during the late 20th and early 19th centuries by John D. Rockefeller and his brother William Rockefeller, mainly through Standard Oil. This family is also known for its long relationship with, and control, Chase Manhattan Bank. The Rockefeller is considered one of the most powerful families, if not the most powerful family, in the history of the United States.

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One of the founding members of the Rockefeller family was businessman William Rockefeller Sr. who was born in Granger, New York, to a Protestant family. He has six children with his first wife Eliza Davison, the most prominent being the oil tycoon John Davison Rockefeller and William Rockefeller, founder of Standard Oil. The oil baron John D. Rockefeller is a devout North Baptist, and he supports many church-based institutions.

Maps Rockefeller family

Family richness

The combined wealth of families - their total assets and investments plus the individual wealth of their members - is never known properly. Family record records relating to the net worth of families and individual members are closed to researchers.

From the beginning, the family's wealth had been under the full control of the male members of the dynasty, through the family office. Despite the strong-willed wives who had an influence over their husbands' decisions - such as the important female figure of Abby Aldrich Rockefeller, the wife of John Davison Rockefeller Junior (in the Hereafter Junior) - in all cases they only received benefits and never been given partial responsibility for family fortunes.

Much of the wealth has been locked in the well-known family belief of 1934 (which holds most of the wealth and maturity of fourth-generation deaths) and the confidence of 1952, both run by Chase Bank, the successor of the company to Chase Manhattan Bank. This trust consists of stocks of substitute companies for Standard Oil and other diversified investments, as well as considerable ownership of family real estate. They are run by a trust committee that oversees luck.

This wealth management today also lies in the professional money manager overseeing the parent company, Rockefeller Financial Services , which controls all family investments, now Rockefeller Center is no longer family owned. The current chairman is David Rockefeller Jr.

In 1992, he had five main weapons:

• Rockefeller & amp; Co. (Money management: Universities have invested some of their wakaf in this company);
• Venrock Associates (Venture Capital: the initial investment in Apple Computer is one of the many made at the startup of Silicon Valley entrepreneurship);
• Rockefeller Trust Company (Managing hundreds of family trusts);
• Rockefeller Insurance Company (Manage insurance responsibilities for family members);
• Acadian Risk Management (Insurance Broker: Contracting policies for large family art, real estate and private plane collections.)
Real estate and institutions

For generations members of the family have lived in some famous historic homes. A total of 81 Rockefeller homes are on the National Register of Historic Places. Excluding all the houses owned by five brothers, some of the more prominent are:

• One Beekman Place - Laurance's residence in New York City
<10 West Fifty-fourth Street - A nine-story family home, former Junior residence before he moved to 740 Park Avenue, and the largest residence in New York City at the time, it was home to five younger brothers. It was then awarded by Junior to the Museum of Modern Art
• 740 Park Avenue - Luxury and spacious 40-room triplex apartment in luxury New York City apartment building, then sold for record;
• Bassett Hall - The Colonial Williamsburg house was purchased by Junior in 1927 and renovated in 1936, it is Junior's and Abby's favorite residence and is now a home museum in the restored family of Colonial Revival.
• The Casements - A three-story house in Ormond Beach in Florida, where Senior spent his last winter, from 1919 until his death;
• The Eyrie - A spacious 100-room summer vacation house on Desert Island Mountain in Maine, destroyed by family members in 1962
• Forest Hill - Family and summer home estates in Cleveland, Ohio for four decades. Built and occupied by Senior, burned in 1917
• Golf House in Lakewood, New Jersey - Former three-story club for the elegant Ocean County Hunt and Country Club, purchased by Senior in 1902 to play golf on his golf course
• Kykuit is also known as John D. Rockefeller Estate - Six-story house, 40 historic rooms in the vast Westchester County family land, home to four generations of families
• The JY Ranch - The famous Ranch in Jackson Hole, Wyoming, a vacation resort home built by Junior and later owned by Laurance, is used by all family members and has many prominent visitors, including presidents, until Laure donated to the federal government on year 2001



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Politics

Leading banker and philanthropist David Rockefeller Sr. was the family patriarch until his death in 2017. In 1960, when his brother Nelson Rockefeller was governor of New York, David Sr. succeeded in suppressing the removal of New York state legislation banning Chase Manhattan Bank from operating outside the city. David Jr. twice offered the post of finance minister by President Richard M. Nixon, but was rejected on both occasions. In 1979, he used his high level contacts to bring Mohammad Reza Shah from Iran, who had been ousted in the Iranian Revolution and in poor health, for medical treatment in the United States. In 1998, he was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Bill Clinton for his work at the International Executive Service Corps.

Political office held

• Nelson Rockefeller (1908-1979)
  • Assistant Secretary of State for the Affairs of the American Republic, 1944-1945
  • Minister of Health, Education, and Welfare First, 1953-1954
  • New York Governor, 1959-1973
  • US. Vice President, 1974-1977
• Winthrop Rockefeller (1912-1973)
  • Governor of Arkansas, 1967-1971
• Jay Rockefeller (born 1937)
  • Member of West Virginia House of Delegates, 1966-1968
  • West Virginia State Secretary, 1969-1973
  • Governor of West Virginia, 1977-1985
  • US. Senator from West Virginia, 1985-2015
• Winthrop Paul Rockefeller (1948-2006)
  • Lieutenant Governor of Arkansas, 1996-2006



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Legacy

A dynasty trademark for more than 140 years is a tremendous union that it has maintained, although there was a major division that developed in the late 1970s, and unlike other wealthy families like Du Ponts and Mellons. One of the main reasons is the "Junior" lifetime effort to not only clear the name of the opprendrium derived from Standard Oil's abusive practices, but his tireless efforts to forge family unity even when he allows his five sons to operate independently. This was partly achieved by ordinary brothers and family gatherings, but it was also because of the high value placed on family unity by the first Nelson and John III, and then especially with David.

On the achievement, in 1972, on the 100th anniversary of Andrew Carnegie philanthropic founding, Carnegie Corporation, which has had a long relationship with family and institutions, released a public statement about family influence on not just philanthropy but covers a much wider field. Summing up the dominant view among the international philanthropic world, though people are not understood by the public, one sentence of this statement reads: "The Rockefeller family's contribution is staggering in their extraordinary range and within the sphere of their contribution to humans."

John D. Rockefeller handed over US $ 540 million during his lifetime (in dollars then), and became the greatest benefactor in history. His son, Junior, also gave over $ 537 million during his lifetime, bringing the total philanthropy of just two generations of families to over $ 1 billion from 1860 to 1960. Added to this, the New York Times was declared in a report in November 2006 that David Rockefeller's total charitable work amounts to about $ 900 million during his lifetime.

The combined personal and social relationships of various family members are extensive, both in America and around the world, including politicians, royalty, public figures, and the most powerful mainstream employers. Important figures through Standard Oil alone include Henry Flagler and Henry H. Rogers. Contemporary figures include Henry Kissinger, Richard Parsons (Time Warner's Chairman and CEO), C. Fred Bergsten, Peter G. Peterson (Senior Chairman of Blackstone Group), and Paul Volcker.

In 1991, the family received the Honorary Award from the National Building Museum for four generations to preserve and create some of the most important buildings and places in the US. David received the award on behalf of the family. The ceremony coincides with an exhibition of family contributions to the built environment, including the conservation effort of John Sr. for the Palisades of the Hudson River, the Williamsburg, Virginia, Rockefeller Center, and Nelson Governor's efforts to build low-rise and middle-income housing in New York state.

John Jr., through his son Nelson, bought and then donated the land that became the United Nations headquarters, in New York, in 1946. Earlier, in the 1920s, he also donated large sums of funds for major recovery and rehabilitation. buildings in France after World War I, such as Rheims Cathedral, Fontainebleau Palace and Palace of Versailles, where he later (1936) received the highest French decoration, Grand Croix of the Legion d'Honneur (later also awarded decades later to his son David Rockefeller).

He also funded renowned digs at Luxor in Egypt, as well as founded the School of Classical Studies in Athens. In addition, he provides funds for the construction of the Palestinian Archaeological Museum in East Jerusalem - the Rockefeller Museum.

Preservation

Starting with John D. Rockefeller Sr., the family has become a major force in soil conservation. From generation to generation, it has created more than 20 national parks and open spaces, including the Cloisters, Acadia National Park, Forest Hill Park, The Nature Conservancy, Rockefeller Forest at California's Redwoods State Park Humboldt (the biggest grandstand of redwoods growth), and Grand Teton National Park, among many others. John Jr., and his son Laurance (and his son Laurance Jr. alias Larry) are very prominent in this field.

The family is honored for its conservation efforts in November 2005, by the National Audubon Society, one of America's largest and oldest conservation organizations, in which more than 30 family members attended. At the event, community president John Flicker specifically stated: "Cumulatively, no other family in America has contributed to the conservation that the Rockefellers have done."

In the year 2016 the fifth generation descendants of John Sr. criticized ExxonMobil, one of his company's successors, Standard Oil, for their record on climate change. The Rockefeller Brothers Fund and the Rockefeller Family Fund support a report stating that ExxonMobil knows more about the threat of global warming than it discloses. David Kaiser, grandson of David Rockefeller Sr. and president of Rockefeller Family Fund, said that "... the company seems to be morally bankrupt." Valerie Rockefeller Wayne, the daughter of former Sen. Jay Rockefeller, said, "Since the source of family wealth is fossil fuel, we feel a huge moral responsibility for our children, for everyone - to move on." The Rockefeller Brothers Fund announced the divestiture of fossil fuels in September 2014 while Rockefeller Family Fund announced plans to divest in March 2016.

Family archive

The Rockefeller Archive Center, an independent foundation that until 2008 the division of Rockefeller University, is a three-tier underground archive under the Hillcrest Martha Baird Rockefeller Hillcrest at a family home in Pocantico (see Kykuit). Along the wall of a four-meter-long rack on a rail, run by ten full-time archivists, is the entire storage of private and official letters and complete family correspondence and members, together with historic papers from various foundations, as well as other non-family philanthropic institutions. These include: Commonwealth Funds, Charles E. Culpeper Foundation , Lucille P. Markey Charity Trusts , and John and Mary R. Markle Foundation .

In total, it stores over 70 million pages of documents and contains a collection of forty-two scientific, cultural, educational and philanthropic organizations.

Only omitted records of deceased family members are available to the public to researchers and researchers; all records relating to members living closed to historians. However, as Nelson Rockefeller researcher Cary Reich found, in the case of Nelson's 3.247 cubic feet (91.9 m ³ ), only about a third of these files have been processed and released. to researchers until 1996. He reported that it would be years before all papers would be opened to the public, even though Nelson died in 1979.

The Center maintains that the storage of this record, which includes more than 140 years of family records, in addition to the non-Rockefeller philanthropic collection, provides a unique insight into the United States and world issues and social developments in both the 19th and 20th centuries.

Notes in the collection are available until only the early 1960s, generally 1961. Main subjects in the collection include:

• Agriculture
• The Arts
• African-American History
• Education
• International Relations
• Economic Development
• Workers
• Medicine
• Philanthropy
• Politics
• Population
• Religion
• Social Sciences
• Social Welfare
• Women's history



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Members

Ancestor

• Godfrey Lewis Rockefeller (1783/1784-1857) (m 1806) Lucy Avery (1786-1867) (ten children)
  • William Avery "Devil Bill or Big Bill" Rockefeller Sr. (1810-1906) (m.1837) Eliza Davison (1813-1889) (eight children)
    • Lucy Rockefeller (1838-1878) (m 1856) Pierson D. Briggs
    • Clorinda Rockefeller (1838- ?, died young) (daughter of Nancy Brown)
    • John Davison Rockefeller Sr. (1839-1937) (m 1864) Laura Celestia "Cettie" Spelman (1839-1915)
    • Cornelia Rockefeller (c.1840-?) (daughter of Nancy Brown)
    • William Avery Rockefeller Jr. (1841-1922) (m 1864) Almira Geraldine Goodsell
    • Mary Ann Rockefeller (1843-1925) (m.1872) William Cullen Rudd
    • Franklin "Frank" Rockefeller (1845-1917) (m.1870) Helen Elizabeth Scofield
    • Frances Rockefeller (1845-1847)
• William W. Rockefeller (1788-1851) (early 19th century) Eleanor Kisselbrack (1784-1859)

The descendants of John Davison Rockefeller Sr.

Jumlah total keturunan relatif darah pada 2006 adalah sekitar 150.

• Elizabeth "Bessie" Rockefeller (1866-1906) (m.1889) Charles Augustus Strong (1862-1940)
  • Margaret Rockefeller Strong (1897-1985) (m.1st.1927) George de Cuevas (1885-1961), (m. 2 1977) Raimundo de Larrain
• Alice Rockefeller (1869-1870)
• Alta Rockefeller (1871-1962) (m.1901) Ezra Parmelee Prentice (1863-1955)
  • John Rockefeller Prentice (1902-1972) (m.1941) Abra Cantrill (1912-1972)
    • Abra Prentice Wilkin (lahir 1942)
  • Mary Adeline Prentice Gilbert (1907-1981) (m.1937) Benjamin Davis Gilbert (1907-1992)
  • Spelman Prentice (1911-2000) (m.3rd.1972) Mimi Walters (empat anak)
• Edith Rockefeller (1872-1932) (m. 1895) Harold Fowler McCormick
  • John Rockefeller McCormick (1896-1901)
  • Editha McCormick (1897-1898)
  • Harold Fowler McCormick Jr. (1898-1973) (m.1931) Anne "Fifi" Potter (1879-1969)
  • Muriel McCormick (1902-1959) (m.1931) Elisha Dyer Hubbard (1906)
  • Mathilde McCormick (1905-1947) (m.1923) Max Oser (1877-1942) (satu anak)
• John Davison Rockefeller Jr. (1874-1960) (m. 1901) Abigail Greene "Abby" Aldrich (1874-1948)
  • Abigail Aldrich "Babs" Rockefeller (1903-1976)
    • Abigail Rockefeller "Abby" Milton O'Neill (lahir 1928)
    • Marilyn Ellen Milton (1931-1980) (dua anak)
  • John Davison Rockefeller III (1906-1978) (m.1932) Blanchette Ferry Hooker (empat anak)
    • John Davison "Jay" Rockefeller IV (lahir 1937) (m. 1967) Sharon Percy (empat anak)
      • Justin Aldrich Rockefeller (lahir 1979) m. IndrÃÆ' © Vengris
    • Hope Aldrich Rockefeller (lahir 1938) (satu anak)
    • Alida Ferry Rockefeller Messinger (lahir 1949) (m.1st 1978-1986) Mark Dayton (m.2nd) William Messinger
  • Nelson Aldrich Rockefeller (1908-1979) (m.1st 1930-1962) Mary Todhunter Clark (m.2nd 1963) Margaretta Besar "Happy" Fitler (1926-2015) (tujuh anak)
    • Rodman Clark Rockefeller (1932-2000) (m.1st 1953-1979) Barbara Ann Olsen (m. 2 1980) Alexandra von Metzler (empat anak)
      • Meile Rockefeller (lahir 1955)
    • Steven Clark Rockefeller (lahir 1936)
    • Mary Clark Rockefeller (lahir 1936) m.1st (1961-1974) William J. Strawbridge (tiga anak)
    • Michael Clark Rockefeller (1938-1961)
    • Mark Fitler Rockefeller (lahir 1967)
  • Laurance Spelman Rockefeller (1910-2004) (m.1934) Mary French
    • Laura Spelman Rockefeller Chasin (1936-2015)
    • Marion French Rockefeller (lahir 1938)
    • Dr. Lucy Rockefeller Waletzky (lahir 1941)
    • Laurance Rockefeller Jr. (lahir 1944) (m. 1982) Wendy Gordon (dua anak)
  • Winthrop Rockefeller (1912-1973) (m. 1st 1948, div. 1954) Jievute "Bobo" Paulekiute (1916-2008) (m. 2 1956, div. 1971) Jeannette Edris ( 1918-1997)
    • Winthrop Paul Rockefeller (1948-2006) (m. 1st 1971, div. 1979) Deborah Cluett Sage (m. 2 1983) Lisenne Dudderar (tujuh anak)
  • David Rockefeller (1915-2017) (m. 1940) Margaret McGrath (1915-1996)
    • David Rockefeller Jr. (lahir 1941) (m. 1 bercerai) Diana Newell-Rowan (m. 2 2008) Susan Cohn (dua anak)
    • Abigail Rockefeller (lahir 1943)
    • Neva Goodwin Rockefeller (lahir 1944)
    • Margaret Dulany "Peggy" Rockefeller (lahir 1947)
    • Richard Gilder Rockefeller (1949-2014); menikah dengan Nancy King (dua anak, dua anak tiri)
    • Eileen Rockefeller (lahir 1952) m. Paul Growald (dua anak)

Keturunan William Avery Rockefeller Jr.

Source of the article : Wikipedia