Exmouth is a port city, a civil parish and a seaside resort, located on the eastern edge of the estuary of the River Exe. In 2011, it has a population of 34,432 making Exmouth the fifth most populous settlement in Devon.
Video Exmouth
History
Byzantine coins with the sign of Anastasius I, dating back to c. 498-518, was taken offshore in 1970. The more recent human occupation of Exmouth Point can be traced back to the 11th century, when it was known as Lydwicnaesse, the "Bretons point". The city appears in the century Peutinger Map one of only 15 English cities and the second most western city as a whole that appears on the map of the Roman Era.
Two ecclesiastical parishes, Littleham and Withycombe Raleigh, who form the current city of Exmouth can be traced back to pre-Saxon times. The name of this city comes from its location at the estuary estuary of the River Exe, which eventually comes from the ancient Celtic word for fish.
In 1240 an area known as Pratteshuthe (Pratt landing site) was sold to mayors and residents of Exeter. This is the location of the estuary ferry pier and over time the name evolved first into Pratteshide, then the Mona Island. The original site is marked with a seating area outside the United States Reformed Church of Glenorchy which is close to Magnolia Shopping Center.
For several centuries, commercial trade through ports was limited in part by shallow waters on approach to the dock, but mainly by Exeter's power, which owns the dock and controls all estuary traffic. The roads inside and outside the area are in bad condition and only occasionally repaired by the parishes where they run. A more permanent dock was built in 1825, replacing a series of seasonal docks that appeared to be first recorded on maps of 1576 as "The Docke". The new docs designed by Eugenius Birch were opened in 1868, and a short line connected them to railway stations. The area adjacent to the pier became the site of a growing community of about 125 villas built on the coastline. It has been replaced by a residential marina complex known as Exmouth Quay.
Human habitation is limited by the harsh exposure of the estuaries - civilizations survive in a larger and more permanent way in more comfortable outer rural areas. The city began to flourish in the 13th century. Morin Uppehille owns the land, giving a portion to John the Miller who in turn builds windmills, and makes a living at the open point, aided by the prevailing southwest wind. Windmills, ferry docks and small farm settlements began developing into Exmouth.
Sir Walter Raleigh (born 1544) sailed on many of his voyages from Exmouth Harbor.
In the mid-17th century, the area suffered from "Turkish hijackers" (actually Algerian riders), who invaded the coasts of Devon and Cornwall, attacked the shipments and attempted to arrest sailors and villagers for sale as slaves in North Africa.
The city stands alone in the 18th century and is considered the oldest holiday resort in Devon. Visitors are prohibited from visiting Europe because the revolutionary upheaval in France is attracted by the sight and salt water of drugs which then becomes fashionable. Exmouth is well known as a destination for the rich to restore their health. Current famous visitors include Lady Byron and her daughter Ada Lovelace. Exmouth is also the residence of Lady Nelson, the estranged wife of Lord Nelson. She is buried at Littleham Churchyard.
High-class tours have remained stable for several years. This changed when the first railroad to Exmouth was built in 1861, carrying mass tourism. From this "golden age" to Exmouth that the current form of the city can be traced.
Maps Exmouth
Architecture
Exmouth has various architectures, ranging from small huts in the formerly village and now incorporated into them, such as Withycombe, to Georgian, Victorian and Edwardian homes. The waterfront has a traditional pedestrian area. High above the balcony is the Beacon terrace, which first became a fashion in Georgian times.
The majority of buildings in Exmouth were built during the Victorian era with the arrival of trains. The area west of Exeter Road is a land reclaimed by a railroad track, Exeter Road which was originally part of the sea. Some houses near the station in Littleham were built for workers on the railroad tracks.
Demography and economy
In addition to the large summer tourist trade, Exmouth serves as a regional hub for the leisure industry, especially water sports such as sailing, kite-sailing, paddleboarding, jet-skiing and windsurfing, and outdoor activities such as bird watching, cycling and walking. Muara Exe is a Special Scientific Interest Site (SSSI) and is especially noted for birds that wander and migrate. Most estuaries are located within nature reserves. Exmouth marks the western end of the Jurassic Coast World Heritage Site, which runs east along the coast to Poole, in Dorset; South West Coast Path allows to walk along this beach. The city is also located at the western end of the East Devon Way line leading to Lyme Regis.
Exmouth serves as a commuter town for Exeter, which has good public transport links by train and bus.
Education
The city has 9 elementary schools and one secondary school.
Primary school:
- Bassett Elementary School
- Brixington Primary School
- Community Exeter Road Community School
- Littleham Church of England Elementary School
- Marpool Primary School
- St. Joseph Catholic Primary School
- Beacon CofE (VA) Elementary School
- Withycombe Raleigh Church of English Primary School
Secondary school:
- Exmouth Community College
In 2013, Exmouth Community College (formerly Exmouth School) has 2,615 students, aged 11 to 18.
Rolle College opened in 1949 and later became the Exmouth campus at Plymouth University. In 2009 the University of Plymouth decided to close the College. East Devon MP Hugo Swire discussed the closure of the College in Parliament.
Geography
The city is defined by the sea and river front (each about a mile long), and stretches about 2.5 miles (4 km) inland, along the north-east axis. The dock is located at the western corner of this rectangle, where the river passes a narrow aisle into the sea, the mouth of the estuary is almost covered by Dawlish Warren across the river. Dawlish Warren is a natural sand saliva and is home to rare wildlife and plants, partly a nature reserve and limited access. The sea front forms a two-mile sandy beach; at its eastern end, the city is bordered by the cliffs of High Land of Orcombe, a National Trust's open space that rises to the top at Orcombe Point.
Geologically, the low hill known as "The Beacon", in the center of this city, is formed from breccia which is a similar formation bulge on the western side of the estuary Exe. The land rises where the city has grown to form from the New Red Sandstone. This dense ground is surrounded by mud and sand, some of which have been stable and are now part of the land on which cities are built, and some of them remain tidal features in the estuary and offshore. The outflow from the river flows eastward, parallel to the shore for a certain distance, bordered by the sand dunes exposed to low tide. Many buildings on reclaimed soil are equipped with pumps to fetch water from their basement during high tide.
Government
Administratively, Exmouth is located in the district of East Devon, along with coastal towns east of Exe. It has its own city council, headed by a mayor elected from among the members of the council. There are five wards that each elect five city council members so that 25 members of the city council are all. Board members are volunteers who do not receive rewards from them. The city clerk is a senior council paid official with eight part-time staff. The city supports the Exmouth City Team, the Tourism Team, and the Arts Forum and employs City Management Officers with the role of supporting the city's economy working with businesses and promoting the city. The total population of the five mentioned wards is 34,442 which means that one or more must spread outside the city limits.
Landmarks
An 18th century house built in the 18th century called A La Ronde, now in the possession of the National Trust, is located on the northern outskirts of the city. At the east end of Exmouth is Barn, the late 19th century house in the style of Arts and Crafts.
Exmouth Lifeboat Station is located at the northeast end near Maer Road. From here the Royal National Lifeboat Institution operates the Shannon Class All Weather Lifeboat (ALB) R and J Welburn (formerly a Mersey -class All Weather Lifeboat (ALB) named Margaret Jean) and D -class (IB1) Inshore Lifeboat (ILB) named George Bearman . The latter was replaced in 2017 by D-Class Inshore Lifeboat George Bearman II.
The National Coastwatch Institution also runs an Observation House in Exmouth, where a qualified volunteer guard keeps an eye on sailors and pedestrians.
Lifeboat
The first Lifeboat Exmouth was provided in 1803. The Boathouse was built near the Passage House but was washed away in a storm in 1814. The Royal Lifeboat Institution revived the lifeboat lifeboat in 1858. The new boathouse was built near the shore, although the lifeboat had to be taken across the street before it could be launched. The Boathouse was demolished and newly built on the same site in 1903 to accommodate the larger lifeboats. From 1961, the lifeboat was kept in a stream near the entrance to the Exmouth Docks. A paddle boat is kept in a valley that is lowered into the water to transport the crew to the lifeboat. The old lifeboat station on the waterfront was maintained as a fundraising display center and, from 1966, was the base for a lifeboat on the beach. The building used by the crew on the dock was destroyed in 1996 and replaced by temporary portable buildings.
On November 21, 2009, the two lifeboats were moved to the new lifeboat station at Queen's Drive on the eastern end of the beach. Inside the building is a sign of the now-destroyed Volunteer Inn once executed by Will Carder. On Christmas Day 1956, he was swept away by the sea and drowned in a mission at Mary Noble to save the Dutch ship crew MV Minerva 4 miles southeast of Orcombe Point. This is considered the worst tragedy in Exmouth RNLI history.
The old Boathouse is maintained as a base for RNLI beach guards until 2014, when it becomes the headquarters of the Exmouth Rowing Club.
Regeneration
As of November 2012, £ 3 million has been spent on the regeneration of the Strand, which has seen the displacement of most of the grass, flower beds and many trees. New features include additional seating area and bike storage; the area has also been completely behind. The Strand is partly open for Remembrance Week 2010 with the war memorial area over.
Religion
Exmouth has a number of active churches. About Holy Trinity Church, the parish of the Church of England, a reference work of 1850 says this:
The Church [Holy Trinity] is an easy chapel under the parish church of Littleham, and was founded by the late Lord Rolle, at a cost of Ã, Â £ 13,000 in 1824-25. It is a handsome structure, in a perpendicular style, standing on a Beacon hill, and has a 104-foot-tall tower, containing a clock and a bell. The overall length of the building is 140 feet, and the width is 84. The interior is fitted perfectly, and has sittings for 1,500 listeners. It has fine toned organs, and on the altar table is a smooth Beer stone canopy, in a reddish Gothic style, adorned with crockets, pinnacles, & amp; c. Curation has a small donation, given by the noble founder and annexed to vicarage Littleham. Up to the establishment of this church, Exmouth without episcopal worship; because although a small ancient chapel, dedicated to the Holy Trinity, stood in 1412, all its traces disappeared several centuries ago.
Other active churches include the Church of Christ's Anglican Church, the Kingsway Independent Church, Glenorchy United Reformed Church, Methodist Church Tower Street, Ichthus Community Church, Roman Catholic Church of the Holy Spirit and Exmouth Baptist Church.
Sports
Exmouth Town F.C. is a leading football team in the city, and plays in the League of the South West Peninsula. Exmouth has two rugby union teams, Exmouth RFC and Withycombe RFC. East Devon Eagles rugby league team based in Exmouth and play until 2011 in the South West Division of the Rugby League Conference. Exmouth is also home to Rugby Polesanders Beach Club which was established in 2014. Devon County Cricket Club play their Minor Counties Championship match at Maer Ground. Exmouth also has a large indoor recreation center.
Transport
The Exmouth train station is the terminal from the Avocet Line to Exeter St David's station although trains run through to Paignton and Barnstaple alternately throughout the day. A highway has been built beside the train as far as Topsham. Exmouth to Starcross Ferry is a passenger ferry that operates during the summer across the Exe estuary to Starcross, where the pump station for the Brunel Atmospheric Railway can be seen.
There are three train stations in Exmouth. The first line reached Exmouth from Exeter in 1861. In the first five days, 10,000 people traveled on the phone and property prices rose overnight. In 1880, commute traffic to Exeter was substantial. In 1903, a link to Budleigh Salterton opened the line eastward over a bridge that went from Exeter Road to Park Road where it entered the continuing cuts to Littleham Cross where there were also stations (now private residences), and from there to Budleigh Salterton, there turned north to rejoin the main line of London and the South Western Railway. Exmouth Station was rebuilt in 1926. When the line to Budleigh was lifted the bridge over the remaining in place for many years, with its final destruction in the late 1980s. Housing marks its position now.
The route continues on the back of Phear Park, which used to be the base of a large mansion owned by the Phear family, used during the Second World War to place US troops. Not long after the war, the house was burned and abandoned; eventually it was also destroyed, and his yard was given to the city by the Phears to become a garden. The old railway line behind Phear Park has just been abandoned as a naked trajectory for years. At the end there is a deep cut into Littleham, which is filled when the line is closed. The track line has now broken and now forms off-road cycle paths and walkways from Exmouth to Knowle, near Budleigh Salterton.
The last station was built in 1981 next to the bus station and is a single platform station. It also has a paid car park and a view for train users.
Stagecoach South West operates several regular bus services in and around the city, including 57 Stagecoach Gold services to Brixington in one direction, and Lympstone, Topsham, and Exeter in the other direction. The service runs every 15 minutes. Another popular Stagecoach service is 95 summer services to Sandy Bay Holiday Park. These are usually operated by open buses, and operate every hour.
Famous people
- Alex Wade, author
- Antonio Corbisiero, (born 1984), footballer
- Brian Sedgemore (born 1937), politician
- Charles Gifford (born 1821), a Canadian politician
- Collett Leventhorpe (1815-1889), General of Confederation
- Conrad Humphreys (born 1973), sailor
- Ed "Stewpot" Stewart (born 1941), radio DJ and entertainer (born in the city), Died January 9, 2016 (aged 74) in Bournemouth, Dorset, England
- Francis Danby (November 16, 1793 - February 9, 1861) Irish-born painter from the Romantic era.
- Graham Hurley (born 1946), author of
- Hugh Davies (1943-2005), composer (born in the city)
- John Churchill, Marlborough's First Duke (1650-1722), military leader
- John Nutt (fl.1620-1623), pirate
- Matt Lane (born 1977, died 2017), cartoon artist
- Pam St. Clement (born 1942), an actress, (attending Rolle College)
- Patricia Beer (1919-1999), poet
- Pauline Collins (born 1940), actor
- Pearl Carr (born 1923), entertainer (born in the city)
- Percy James Grigg (1890-1964), politician
- Pete Lee-Wilson, actor
- Peter Knight (1917-1985), composer (born in the city)
- R. F. Delderfield (1912-1972), author (moved to Exmouth in 1923 when his father bought "Exmouth Journal")
- Rebecca Newman (born 1981) Singer and songwriter; Its 2014 CD gained position No. 1 on the Classic Album chart
- Robert Dawson (born 1970), cricketer
- Robin Bush (1943-2010), historian for the first nine series of the Channel 4 timetime series Tim Tim and author
- Spud Rowsell (born 1944), sailor
- Tom Andrews, singer
- William Francis de Vismes Kane (1840-1918), Irish entomologist
- William Kyd (1430-1453), pirate
- Xia Vigor (born 2009), Filipino child actress
References
External links
- Devon County Council: Exmouth community page
- Exmouth - From the 1850's White's Devonshire Directory in genuki
- Website of Exmouth Town Council Website Visitors
- Exmouth in Curlie (based on DMOZ)
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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