The Isetta is an Italian designed microcomputer built under license in a number of different countries, including Argentina, Spain, Belgium, France, Brazil, Germany and the UK. Because the shape of eggs and windows is like a bubble, it is known as a bubble car, the name is also given to other similar vehicles.
In 1955, BMW Isetta became the world's first mass-production car to achieve a fuel consumption of 3 L/100 km (94 mpg -imp ; 78 mpg -US ). It was the world's best-selling single-cylinder car, with 161,728 units sold.
Originally produced by the Italian company Iso SpA, the name Isetta is a small form of Italian Iso , which means "small icso".
Video Isetta
Iso Isetta (Italia)
The car comes from an Italian company, Iso SpA. In the early 1950s the company was building refrigerators, motor scooters and small trucks with three wheels. The owner of Iso, Renzo Rivolta, decided to build a small car for mass distribution. In 1952, engineers Ermenegildo Preti and Pierluigi Raggi had designed a small car that used a motorcycle engine from Iso Moto 200 and named it Isetta - a little Italian meaning a little ISO .
Isetta caused a sensation when introduced to the automotive press in Turin in November 1953, it was unlike anything seen before. Small (only 2.29 m (7.5 ft) long 1.37 m (4.5 m) wide and egg-shaped, with bubble-type windows, the entire front of the car hinged out to allow entry In the event of a collision, drivers and passengers must exit through the canvas sunroof.The steering wheel and instrument panel are swung out with single doors, as this makes access to a simple bench seat simpler.This seats provide a comfortable comfort for two occupants, and perhaps a small child. large bundle rack with spare wheel located below.Sheater is optional, and ventilation is provided by opening the sunroof cloth.
The power comes from a capacity of 236Ã, cc (14.4 cuÃ, in), 7.1Ã, kW (9.5Ã, hp) split-single two-stroke motors. The engine is started by a combination starter generator known as Dynastart . The manual gearbox provides four forward and backward speeds. A chain drive connecting the gearbox to the rear axle is sturdy with a pair of rear wheels spaced 25 cm (10 inches). The first prototype has one wheel on the back, but having a single rear wheel makes the car vulnerable to roll-overs, so the rear-wheel layout is converted into two wheel sets 48Ã,® cm (19Ã,¼) apart from each other. This narrow path eliminates the need for differential. The front axle is a modified version of the independent front suspension Dubonnet. Isetta takes more than 30 seconds to reach 50 km/h (31 mph) from the break. The top speed is only about 75 km/h (47 mph). The fuel tank has only 13 liters (3.4 gal US; 2.9 galaxies). However, the Isetta will get somewhere between 5.6à £/100km; 42 mpg -US (50 mpg -imp ) and 4.0 l/100 km; 58 mpg -US (70 mpg -imp ) depending on how it is moved. In 1954, Iso entered some of the Isettas in the legendary Mille Miglia where they took the top three spots in the economic classification. Over a distance of 1,600 km (1,000 mi) the driver reaches an average speed of over 70 km/h (43 mph). Given its maximum speed, which is only 15 km/h (9 mph) higher, this is an almost unbelievable figure. However, despite its initial success, Isetta became popular at home. This is mainly due to the new competition from Fiat with the 500C model.
Renzo Rivolta wants to concentrate on his new Iso Rivolta sports car, and is very keen on licensing deals. Plants in Spain and Belgium have assembled Isettas and Autocarros using the Italian component Iso made. BMW began talking to Rivolta in mid-1954 and bought not only licenses but also equipping Isetta's body tool. Rivolta does not stop with Isetta's license to BMW. He negotiated similar agreements with companies in France and Brazil.
After building about 1,000 units, the production of Italian-made cars ceased in 1955, though Iso continued to build Isetta in Spain until 1958.
Iso Autocarro
In addition to Iso Isetta vettura described above, Iso also built Autocarro , a commercial version with a full width rear axle. The Autocarro is offered in several body styles, flatbed pickups, covered trucks, skewed beds, or even fire engines, although some may not have been sold. The Autocarro is a very popular type of vehicle in Italy, and many manufacturers produce several variants of its kind. Iso previously produced a motorcycle type Isocarro . The Iso Autocarro is larger than most, with four-wheel layout, conventional rear axle with differential spring and leaf, and large tubular frame. It can carry a load of 500 kg (1,100 pounds). The name Isetta Autocarro is also used. It is estimated that more than 4,000 Autocarros are built.
Maps Isetta
VELAM Isetta (French)
In 1954, VELAM acquired a license from Iso to produce cars based on Isetta. Since Iso has been selling body-building equipment to BMW, VELAM developed its own body but uses the original Iso machine. VELAM's body is more rounded and more egg-like than Isso Isso and is known by Frenchmen as 'pot yoghurt'. Instead of chassis like the Italian and German versions, there are sub-frames that are bolted to the body at the rear, which holds the rear tire, engine, and transmission. Front suspension streaks to the front of the body. The front door is opened by pressing the button instead of the handle, and the speedometer is mounted in the center of the steering wheel.
VELAM started car production in 1955 at the old Talbot factory in Suresnes, France and the car was introduced at the Paris car show 1955. All told, five car versions were built: the standard Isetta, convertible version, luxury version, one-time "Sport" version, and car racing. Due to competition from Renault Dauphine, production ceased in 1958.
The MetalmecÃÆ'¡nica company, joining the regime's 1959 automotive regime, initiated the assembly of licensed vehicles of BMW (Isetta and BMW 700); in 1964, MetalmecÃÆ'¡nica redesigned the front and back of the De Carlo 700, becoming the first redesign made in Argentina. , in 1965 began to gather under license from the French company SIMCA, Ariane model.
Some 1,413 of the De Carlo 600 were made from 1959 to 1962 Romi-Isetta_ (Brasil) "> Romi-Isetta (Brazil)
In 1955, Iso licenses Isetta to Romi, a machine-tool manufacturer based in the city of Santa BÃÆ'¡rbara d'Oeste, in State of Sao Paulo. Isetta was chosen because it is regarded as the ideal vehicle for use in cities based on size and economy. Released on 5 September 1956, it was the first car produced in Brazil. The car has received government approval as part of a state-backed drive to build the auto industry in Brazil but was eventually built without government support.
About 3,000 Romi-Isettas products were produced from 1956 to 1961. They retained the Iso design and used the Iso machine until 1958; in 1959 they switched to a 300 cc BMW engine. BMW Isetta (Germany) BMW made Isetta himself. They redesigned the powerplant around BMW's one-cylinder, four-stroke, 247Ã, cc motorcycle engine that produced 10 kW (13Ã, hp). Although the main elements of Italian design remain intact, BMW reengineered most of the car, so much so that no parts between the BMW Isetta Moto Coupe and the interchangeable Iso Isetta. BMW Isetta first appeared in April 1955. In May 1962, three years after launching the modern-looking BMW 700, BMW stopped production of Isettas. A total of 161,728 units have been built. BMW Isetta 250
While maintaining the styling of "window bubbles", it was different from the Italian model in that the headlights were repaired separately to the bodywork side and it carried the BMW badge under the windshield. The car was also redesigned to take a modified version of a 250 cc four-stroke engine from a BMW R25/3 and a modified front suspension. One cylinder produces 9 kW (12 hp) at 5800 rpm. Crankcase and cylinder made of cast iron, cylinder head of aluminum. However, the head is rotated at 180 Â ° compared to a motorcycle engine. The twin-bearing crankshaft also differs in the Isetta electric unit, becoming larger and featuring a reinforced bearing. One of the reasons for this is the Dynastart unit that combines dynamo and self-starter. Mixed fuel is provided by Bing sliding throttle side draft motorcycle carburetor. In addition to further details changes, BMW's engineers enlarge to be installed in the car and cool the engine by using radial fans and veiled casing.
The power train from the four-speed gearbox to the two rear wheels is also unusual: fixed on the gearbox output drive is something called hardy disc , which is a combination of cardan made of rubber. On the other side of it is the cardan shaft, and finally the second Hardy disk, which in turn lies at the entrance to the case chain. A duplex chain that runs inside an oil bath eventually leads to a rigid axle, at each end there are two rear wheels. Thanks to this complex power transfer, the gear-machine unit is free of tension and also soundproof in relation to the rear axle.
In Germany, Isetta can even be driven by a motorcycle license. The top speed of the Isetta 250 is rated as 85 km/h (53 mph).
The first BMW Isetta was launched in April 1955, and within the next eight months about 10,000 were produced.
BMW Isetta 300
In 1956, the government of the Federal Republic of Germany changed the rules for motor vehicles. Class IV Licenses issued from that time onwards may only be used to operate small motorcycles and can no longer be used to operate motor vehicles with capacities of less than 250Ã, cc. At the same time, the maximum capacity allowed for the Isetta tax category is 300 cc. Class IV Licenses issued prior to the amendment of the rules are prioritized and allowed to be used as before.
These regulatory changes encourage BMW to revise their Isetta mini car. In February 1956, the 300cc engine was introduced. The engineers enlarge a single cylinder to 72 mm (2.8 inches) and 73 mm (2.9 inches), which provides a precise displacement of 298 cc; at the same time, they raise the compression ratio from 6.8 to 7.0: 1. As a result, engine power output rises to 10 kW (13 hp) at 5200 rpm, and torque rises to 18.4 N? M (13.6Ã, ft? Lbf) at 4600 rpm. The maximum speed remains at 85 km/h (53 mph), but there is a marked improvement in flexibility, particularly noticeable on the gradient.
In October 1956, Isetta Moto Coupe DeLuxe (sliding-window Isetta) was introduced. The bubble window is replaced by a longer sliding window.
BMW 600
The BMW 600 is intended as an enlarged Isetta with more power and a more conventional four-wheel configuration.
The front of 600 is almost unchanged from Isetta, but the 600 wheelbase is stretched to accommodate four seats. Conventional rear axle added. BMW introduced a semi-trailing independent suspension at 600. The suspension will be used on almost every new model for the next four decades. Due to its size and weight, 600 has a more powerful engine than the Isetta. 600 has a 582 cc twin engine from R67 motor. The top speed is 103 km/h (64 mph).
In two years, only 34,000 600 were produced, partly because of price competition with the entry-level VW Beetle. In the late 1950s, consumers wanted cars that looked like cars, and they lost interest in economic models. However, the 600 sales were aided by the energy crisis of 1956-1957.
BMW Isetta (United Kingdom)
In 1957, Isetta of Great Britain began producing Isetta 300 models at their factory in the former railway of Brighton that works under license from BMW. The factory does not have access by road, therefore components are shipped by train and the car is shipped in the same way.
The British cars have a right-hand drive with a hinged door from the right side of the car and the steering column moves across to the right as well. The right drive means that both the driver and the engine are on the same side, so a 27 kg (60bb) balancer is added to the left side to compensate. Dunlop tires are used, and Lucas electricity replaces the Hella and Bosch components of Germany, with different headlamp housing being used. The horizontal brake component replaces the ATE brake parts.
Isetta was not popular in England until the three-wheeled version was introduced. Although three-wheeled vehicles are more likely to roll over, there is a financial advantage: they can avoid car laws and taxes by being classified as three-wheeled motorcycles, and can be driven by motorcycle licenses. Isetta of Great Britain continues to manufacture four-wheel ISIS, but only for exports to Canada, New Zealand, and Australia.
In 1962, Isetta of England also stopped the production of small cars but continued to produce Isetta engines until 1964.
Isetta replica kit
Now a British company that is no longer in use, Tri-Tech, under the model name Zetta, sells a car kit or even a complete replica of the BMW Isetta that looks like a replica of the modern parts, including the Honda CN 250à ¢ â,¬Â , Cc single-cylinder water-cooled engine with automatic transmission (standard) or Kawasaki 500 GPS two-cylinder engine water-cooled motorcycle with optional manual transmission.
Some parts, new or used, come from "donors" of vehicles. Front suspension and steering come from Bedford Rascal (which is then sold under the Vauxhall marque) or van and van duty lightweight Suzuki Supercarry are original and almost identical. Brakes and drum wheels come from Morris and Leyland Motor Corporation the next UK Mini. Prices range from c. Ã, Â £ 2650 for kits up to c. Ã, Â £ 9450 for the full version.
It can be legally registered for use under English law. Tri-Tech also provides some body parts that can be used to run improper restoration of BMW Isettas.
Microlino
In 2016 Swiss entrepreneur Wim Ouboter, from Micro Mobility Systems, shows a concept-proof electric car called the Microlino at the Geneva Motor Show, based on Isetta's original body design but with new chassis and suspension. Vehicle production in Italy will begin at the end of 2017 but is postponed until the summer of 2018. The company reported in May 2017 it has ordered more than 3,100 vehicles, which will cost respectively EUR 12,000.
Popular culture
Dalam film Funny Face, Fred Astaire mengendarai Isetta.
In season 1 (episode 2) of Storage Wars , Barry Weiss unexpectedly took the BMW Isetta packed into storage units.
In season 1, episode 8 of the American Pickers TV series Mike Wolfe and Frank Fritz found two Isettas in the big junkyard.
In the "Moth Attack", a Hard Working comedy drama at CollegeHumor, BMW Isetta is referenced when three characters argue about what size moth should be considered a moth monsters.
In the music video "Never Let Me Down Again", a song by Depeche Mode, David Gahan was driving BMW Isetta down the road. The car also appeared in the video "Behind the Wheel", by the same band, where he was pulled by the tractor at the beginning of the video.
Mike Brewer and Edd China returned Isetta in the 9th series episode of the
A BMW Isetta is featured in several episodes of the Family Matters TV series as Steve Urkel's car.
The car is an element of the plot in Wim Wenders' Lisbon Story (1994).
In the anime series Two Cars The police car is a black and white Isetta with a flashing red light on top.
See also
- Heinkel Kabine
- List of microcars by country of origin
- Paul Arzens L'oeuf .
References
Note
Kutipan
Tautan eksternal
- Situs resmi Iso Isetta Millennium
- 1959 BMW Isetta/Hot Wheels WHATTADRAG
- BMW Isetta di Dealer Wheeler
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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