Kaymakli Underground City (Turkey: Kaymakl?; Cappadocian Greek: ??????) is inside the Kaymakli fortress in the Central Anatolian Region of Turkey. First opened to tourists in 1964, this village is about 19 km from Nev'ehir, on the street Nev? Ehir-Ni? De.
Video Kaymakli Underground City
History
The ancient name is Enegup. The cave was probably first built in soft volcanic rock by Phrygians, Indo-Europeans, in the 8th to 7th century BC, according to the Turkish Ministry of Culture. When the Phrygian language died in Roman times, replaced with the Greek, associated with it, the inhabitants, now Christian, expand their underground caves adding chapels and inscriptions. The city was used in the Byzantine era for the protection of Arab Muslims during the Byzantine-Arab war (780-1180). The city is connected with the Derinkuyu underground city through many miles of tunnels. Some of the artifacts found in these underground settlements belong to the Byzantine Period Middle, between the 5th and 10th centuries AD These cities continued to be used by the Christians as a refuge from the invasion of the Eastern Mongols in the 14th century. After the territory fell into the hands of the Ottomans, the cities were used as shelter (????????) from the Turkish Muslim rulers, and until the late 20th century the population, called Cappadocian Greece, still used the underground. cities to escape the wave of Ottoman persecution on a regular basis. Dawkins, a Cambridge linguist who did research on the Cappodocian Greeks in the area from 1909-1911, notes that in 1909,
When news came from the recent massacre in Adana, most of the inhabitants of Axo took refuge in this dungeon, and for several nights dared not sleep on the ground.
When the Christian population in the region was expelled in 1923 in the Exchange of Population between Greece and Turkey the tunnels were abandoned.
Maps Kaymakli Underground City
Description
The houses in the village were built in about a hundred underground city tunnels. Tunnels are still used today as storage areas, stables, and cellars. The underground city of Kaymakli differs from Derinkuyu in terms of structure and layout. The tunnel is lower, narrower, and steeper. From four floors open to tourists, every room is arranged around the ventilation holes. This makes the design of any room or open space depending on the availability of ventilation.
Stability is located on the first floor. The small size of the cage can indicate that the other stable is in an unopened section. To the left of the cage is a hall with a millstone door. The door led to a church. To the right of the cage are the rooms, maybe the living space.
Located on the second floor is a church with a nave and two apses. Located in front of apses is a baptismal font, and on the side along the wall is a seating platform. The names of the people buried here coincide with the places next to the church, which support the idea that these graves belong to religious people. The church level also contains some living space.
The third floor contains the most important areas of the underground complex: storage, wine or oil presses, and kitchens. This level also contains tremendous andesite blocks with help texture. It has recently been shown that this stone is used for cold forming copper. The stone is carved from andesite layers inside the complex. In order to be used in metallurgy, fifty-seven holes are carved in stone. The technique is to insert the copper into each hole (about 10 cm (3.9 inches) in diameter) and then the ore hammer into place. The copper may be mined between Aksaray and Nevsehir. The mine is also used by Asilikhoyuk, the oldest settlement in the Cappadocia region.
The high amount of storage space and the urn area on the fourth floor indicates economic stability. Kaymakli is one of the largest underground settlements in the region. The vast area reserved for storage in such restricted areas shows the need to support large populations underground. Currently only a fraction of the complex is open to the public.
See also
- Cappadocia
- ÃÆ' â € "zkonak Kota Bawah Tanah
- Mokissos
- Derinkuyu Underground City
- Ihlara Valley
- The underground city of Avanos
- Cappadocian Greek
- Spiro Kostof
- The population exchange between Greece and Turkey
References
External links
- Church
- Aksaray Governor's Office (er)
- Cappadocia Underground City - Myth and Truth (Germany)
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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