Linseed oil , also known as linseed oil or hemp oil , is colorless for yellowish oil obtained from dried and dried seeds from hemp plant ( Linum usitatissimum ). Oil is obtained by pressing, sometimes followed by solvent extraction. Linseed oil is drying oil , which means it can polymerize into solid form. Due to the polymer-forming properties, flaxseed oil may be used alone or mixed with other oil combinations, resins or solvents as impregnators, drying of oil coatings or varnishes in wood finishing, as pigment binders in oil paints, as plasticizer and hardener in putty, and in manufacture linoleum. The use of linseed oil has declined over the last few decades with the increased availability of synthetic alkyl resins - which work similarly but withstand yellowing.
Linseed oil is an edible oil in demand as a nutritional supplement, as a source? -Linolenic acid, (omega-3 fatty acids). In some parts of Europe, it is traditionally eaten with potatoes and quarks. It is considered a delicacy because of its warm flavor, which enhances the taste of quarks, which are otherwise tasteless.
Video Linseed oil
Aspek kimia
Linseed oil is a triglyceride, like any other fat. Flaxseed oil is very characteristic because of the enormous "-linolenic" acid, which has a special reaction with oxygen in the air. In particular, the fatty acids in typical flaxseed oil are of the following types:
- Unsaturated acids? -linolenic (51.9-55,2%),
- The saturated palmitic acid (about 7%) and stearic acid (3.4-4.6%),
- Monounsaturated oleic acid (18.5-22.6%),
- Unsaturated double linoleic acid (14.2-17%).
Having a high content of ester di- and triunsaturated, flaxseed oil is particularly susceptible to polymerization reactions after exposure to oxygen in the air. This polymerization, called drying, results in material rigidification. The drying process can be so exothermic that it creates a fire hazard under certain circumstances. To prevent premature drying, linseed oil products (oil paint, putty) should be stored in an airtight container.
Like some other oil dryers, linseed oil shows fluorescence under UV light after degradation.
Maps Linseed oil
Usage
Most hemp seed oil applications exploit their drying properties, ie, liquid starting materials or at least bending and rigidly old but not fragile materials. The hydrophobic nature of the hydrocarbon-based material produced is advantageous.
paint binder
Linseed oil is a common carrier used in oil paints. It can also be used as a painting medium, making the oil paint more fluid, transparent and shiny. It is available in varieties such as cold pressed, fine alkali, sun bleached, thicken sun, and polymerized (standing oil). The introduction of linseed oil is a significant advance in oil painting technology.
Putty
Traditional glass putty, which consists of lime powder paste and linseed oil, is a sealant for hardened glass windows in weeks of application and can then be re-painted. Durability of putty is due to the drying properties of flaxseed oil.
Wood finished
When used as wood finishes, flaxseed oil dries slowly and shrinks slightly after hardening. Linseed oil does not cover the surface as the varnish does, but seeps into the pores (visible and microscopic), leaving a shiny but non-glossy surface that indicates wood grain. The linseed oil layer is easily scratched, and easily repairable. Only less protective wax layers. Liquid water penetrates the linseed oil layer in just a few minutes, and the water vapor cuts it almost completely. Garden furniture processed with linseed oil can develop fungus. The oil is oiled may be yellowish and tend to darken as you get older. Because it fills the pores, flaxseed oil partially protects the wood from dents by compression.
Linseed oil is the traditional end result for rifle stock, although a very fine finish may take several months to get it. Some layers of linseed oil are a traditional protective coating for cricket bat cricket bats; it is used to allow the wood to retain moisture. The new cricket bats are coated with linseed oil and thrown into perfection so they last longer. Linseed oil is also often used by billiards or billiard cue shafts makers, as a lubricant/shield for wood recorders, and is used instead of epoxy for sealing modern wooden surfboards. In addition, luthier can use flaxseed oil when reconditioning the guitar, mandolin, or fret board of other string instruments; Lemon-scented mineral oil is commonly used for cleaning, then a small amount of linseed oil (or other drying oil) is used to protect it from impurities that may lead to faster wood destruction.
Ramie seed oil is boiled used as a measure in traditional oil gilding to adhere to gold leaf sheets to the substrate (parchment, canvas, Armenian pole, etc.) It has longer working time than water-based sizes and provides a fairly adhesive fine surface in 12-24 hours first after the application causes gold to adhere strongly to the intended surface.
Linoleum
Linseed oil is used to bind wood dust, cork particles, and related materials in linoleum making that cover the floor. After its discovery in 1860 by Frederick Walton, linoleum, or 'lino' for the short term, was a common form of domestic and industrial floor covering from the 1870s through the 1970s when largely replaced by PVC floor coverings ('vinyl' ). However, since the 1990s, linoleum is on the rise again, considered to be more environmentally friendly than PVC. Linoleum has named the linocut graphics-making technique, in which the relief design is cut into smooth surfaces and then in-ink and used for printing images. The results are similar to those obtained by printing pieces of wood.
Nutritional and dietary supplements
Raw cold dried linseed oil - commonly known as linseed oil in a nutritional context - is easily oxidized, and quickly becomes rancid, with an unpleasant odor, unless it is cooled. Even when kept in cold conditions, it has a shelf life of just a few weeks. Oil with unpleasant odor or rancidity should be discarded. Oxidation of linseed oil is a major commercial problem, and antioxidants can be added to prevent rancidification. Linseed oil is generally not recommended for use in cooking, but one study showed that alpha linolenic acid (ALA) while bound in flax seed was found to be stable for cooking. When tied to flax seed, ALA can withstand temperatures up to 350 degrees F (176.67 C) for two hours.
High quality hemp seed oil is pressed cold, obtained without solvent extraction, in the absence of oxygen, and is marketed as edible hemp oil. Fresh, cooled and unprocessed linseed oil is used as a nutritional supplement and is a traditional ethnic food of Europe, which is highly respected for its warm taste. It contains the highest levels of omega-3 ALA fatty acids among vegetable oils. Ordinary flaxseed oil contains between 52% and 63% ALA (C18: 3 n -3). Plant breeders have developed flaxseed with higher ALA (70%) and a very low ALA content (<3%). The USFDA provides generally recognized status as safe (GRAS) for high alpha linolenic alpha oil.
Nutritional content
Nutritional information from the Flax Council of Canada.
For SDM 1 (14 g)
- KALOR: 126
- LEMAK Jumlah: 14 g
- Omega-3: 8 g
- Omega-6: 2 g
- Omega-9: 3 g
Linseed oil does not contain much protein, carbohydrates or fiber.
Additional use
- Animal care products
- Bike care as a fixative yarn, rust and lubricant inhibitor
- Decoration compositions for decorative prints
- Ground floor
- Animal feed
- Industrial lubricants
- Skin care
- Oil fabrics
- Particle detector
- Textiles
- Wood preservation (included as active ingredient from Danish Oil)
- Cookware cooking spice
Modified flaxseed oil
Stop the oil
Standing oil is produced by heating linseed oil near 300 ° C for several days in the absence of air. Under these conditions, the polyunsaturated fatty ester is converted into a conjugated diene, which then undergoes a Diels-Alder reaction, which causes crosslinking. The product, which is very viscous, provides a very uniform coating that is "dry" for a more elastic layer than linseed oil itself. Soy oil can be treated the same, but converts more slowly. On the other hand, tung oil changes very rapidly, finished in minutes at 260 ° C. Coating made from spiked oil is less likely to yellow than the coatings derived from the mother oil.
Linseed oil boiled
Rye flaxseed oil is a combination of raw linseed oil, standing oil (see above), and a metal dryer (catalyst to accelerate drying). In the Middle Ages, linseed oil was boiled with tin oxide (litharge) to produce a product called linseed oil stew. The lead oxide form leads the "soap" (lead oxide is alkaline) which promotes the hardening (polymerization) of flaxseed oil by reaction with atmospheric oxygen. Heating shortens the drying time.
Crude linseed oil
Raw linseed oil is base oil, unprocessed and without a dryer or diluent. These are mostly used as raw materials to make boiled oil. It does not heal quite well or quickly to be considered as a drying oil. Raw flax seeds are sometimes used, such as for oiling cricket bats, when it wants to improve surface friction, thus providing better ball control. In the past it was also used to care for flat leather belt buckles to reduce slipping.
Spontaneous combustion
Cloths soaked with linseed oil stored in piles are considered a fire hazard because they provide a large surface area for oxidation of oil, which is rapidly oxidized. Oxidation of flaxseed oil is an exothermic reaction, which accelerates as the fabric temperature increases. When heat accumulation exceeds the rate of heat dissipation into the environment, the temperature increases and can eventually become hot enough to make the cloth burn spontaneously.
In 1991, One Meridian Plaza, a tall building in Philadelphia, was heavily damaged and three firefighters were killed in a fire allegedly caused by a ramie soaked in flaxseed oil.
See also
- Danish Oil
- Flaxseed
- National Linseed Oil Trust
Note
Further reading
- Knight, William A.; Mende, William R. (2000). Staining and Completion for Muzzebeloading Weapon . published privately.
References
External links
- Ã, "Linseed Oil". The New Encyclopedia of Collier . 1921.
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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