Newark Liberty International Airport (IATA: EWR , ICAO: KEWR , FAA LID: EWR ), originally Newark Metropolitan Airport and then Newark International Airport , is the main airport serving the state of New Jersey in the US. The airport crosses the border between the cities of Elizabeth and Newark, the latter being the most populous city in the state. The airport is jointly owned by the cities of Elizabeth and Newark and is leased and operated by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey.
Newark Airport is located 75 miles (121 km) northeast of Philadelphia, 15 miles (24 km) southwest of New York City, and 5 miles (8.0 km) south of Downtown Newark, and is the main airport serving both New York and the Region metropolitan Philadelphia.
By 2017, EWR is the 15th busiest airport in the United States, and the 43rd busiest airport in the world by passenger traffic, serving 43,393,499 passengers.
Newark serves 50 operators and is the third largest hub (after Chicago-O'Hare and Houston-Intercontinental) for United Airlines, which is the largest airport renter (operating in all three Newark terminals). The second largest tenant Newark is FedEx Express, which is the third largest cargo center using three buildings on two million square feet of airport property. During the 12-month period ending in July 2014, more than 68% of all passengers at the airport were taken by United Airlines.
Video Newark Liberty International Airport
History
Initial years
Newark opened October 1, 1928 on 68 acres (28 ha) of reclaimed land along the Passaic River, the first major airport serving passengers in the New York metro area. The Art Deco Newark Metropolitan Airport Administration Building, dotted with murals by Arshile Gorky, was built in 1934 and dedicated by Amelia Earhart in 1935. It served as a terminal until the opening of the North Terminal in 1953. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in the year 1979 and now a museum and headquarters of the Port Authority Police.
Newark was the busiest commercial airport in the world until LaGuardia Airport opened in December 1939; March 1939 Official Flight Guide showed 61 business day departures on five airlines, but by mid-1940 airline passengers all left Newark.
During World War II the field was closed for commercial flights while it was taken over by the United States Army for logistics operations. In 1945 the German aircraft brought in from Europe on HMS Reaper for evaluation under Operation Lusty was off-loaded in Newark AAF and then flown or delivered to Freeman Field, Indiana or Naval Air Station Patuxent River, Maryland. The airline returned to Newark in February 1946 and the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey took control of the airport in 1948, then built new hangars, new terminals and runways 4/22.
The February 1947 C & amp; GS diagram shows runway 5,940-feet (1,811 m) 1, 7,900-feet (2,408 m) and 6,100-feet (2,164 m) runway 10.
On December 16, 1951 a Miami Airlines C-46 heading to Tampa lost a cylinder while taking off from runway 28 and crashed in Elizabeth killing 56. On January 22, 1952, American Airlines CV-240 crashed at Elizabeth, while on approach to runway 6 killed 23 ships and seven on the ground. On February 11, 1952, a DC-6 National crashed at Elizabeth after taking off from runway 24, killing 29 of 63 on board and four on the ground. Unavoidably, the airport was closed for several months; Air traffic continues at the end of the year, but continued unpopularity of airports and air traffic in the New York region leads to a search for new airport locations. A proposal to build a new airport in what is now the National Great Swamp Wildlife Sanctuary was defeated by local opposition.
The April 1957 Official Flight Guide shows 144 passengers the day of the fixed wing departure from Newark: 40 East, 19 Capital, 16 United States, 14 United, 14 Mohawk, 13 Allegheny, 11 TWA, 8 National, 5 Delta and 4 Braniff. National has nonstop to Miami, East has nonstop to Miami, New Orleans and Houston, Braniff has DC-7C nonstop to Dallas and TWA fly non-stop to St. Louis; no one else does not want to point west from St. Louis and no one else will not stop. (East began nonstop to Montreal in 1958, perhaps Newark's first non-stop international scheduled non-stop since 1939, although the East did not stop to San Juan in 1951.) The airline jet arrived in 1961. In 1964, America and TWA began to fly non-stop to California, although the longest Runway Newark was 7,000 ft (2,100 m) until 1970. The relentless 707 TWA to Heathrow in 1978 was probably the first nonstop trans-Atlantic in Newark.
End of the 20th century
Through the early 1970s, Newark had one terminal building located on the north side of the field, with what is now Interstate 78. In the 1970s the airport became Newark International Airport . The present Terminal A and B opened in 1973, although several international customs and airlines that require customs remain in the North Terminal. The main building of Terminal C is completed at the same time, but only metal frame work is completed for the terminal satellites. This was dormant until the mid-1980s, when for a short time the third west of the terminal was equipped for international arrivals and used for multiple People Cross continental flights. Terminal C finally completed and opened in June 1988.
Less utilized in the 1970s, Newark developed dramatically in the 1980s. People Express made an agreement with the Port Authority to use the North Terminal as an air terminal and company office in 1981 and start operating in Newark in April. It grew rapidly, increasing Newark's traffic through the 1980s. Virgin Atlantic started service between Newark and London in 1984, challenging JFK's status as a New York international gateway (but Virgin Atlantic now has more flights at JFK than in Newark). Federal Express (now known as FedEx Express) opened the second hub at the airport in 1986. When the People Express merged into Continental in 1987, operations (including operations of corporate offices) in North Terminal were reduced and the building was dismantled to make way for cargo facilities at early 1990s. This merger started Continental and then United Airlines, dominance at Newark Airport.
In late 1996 the monorail opened, connecting three terminals, parking lot and overflow garage, and rental car facility. The new International Arrival Facility also opened in Terminal B that year. The monorail was extended to the new Newark Airport railway station in the line of Northeastern Amtrak Corridor in 2001 and renamed AirTrain Newark.
21st century
Following the hijacking and crash of United Airlines Flight 93 in the September 11, 2001 attack on travel from Newark to San Francisco, the airport name was changed from Newark International Airport to Newark International Airport Liberty in 2002. The name was selected on the original proposal, Liberty International Airport in Newark , and paid tribute to the victims of the September 11 attacks and to the landmark of the Statue of Liberty, located just 7 miles km) east of the airport.
The modern control tower was built in 2002 and opened in 2003. It is the fourth and tallest tower in the history of the airport, standing 325 feet (99 m) above the main parking lot. In 2004, Singapore Airlines started the world's longest non-stop scheduled flight route to Newark from Singapore. This service ends on November 23, 2013, but the service will resume on October 11, 2018.
Continental began flying from Newark to Beijing on June 15, 2005 and to Delhi on November 1, 2005. The airline immediately embarked on a flight to Mumbai. Continental (now United) has been and continues to be the only US carrier to serve nonstop India from the United States, the third US airline after United Airlines and Northwest Airlines (now Delta) to serve the relentless Chinese mainland and the only US carrier with nonstop flights to Beijing from the New York City area. On July 16, 2007 Continental announced it would seek government approval for a nonstop flight between Newark and Shanghai in 2009. Continental embarked on a flight to Shanghai from Newark on March 25, 2009, using a Boeing 777-200ER aircraft. Newark was the only New York area airport used by Philippine Airlines (PAL), until the financial problems of the late 1990s caused it to end the service. In March 2015, PAL continues service to the New York metropolitan area that leads to JFK Airport, and will not return to Newark, after the removal of the Philippines from the blacklist of air security from the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). In October 2015, Singapore Airlines announced its intention to continue a direct nonstop service between Newark and its main hub at Changi Airport Singapore. In the meantime, the date has not been announced yet, but Airbus A350-900ULR used on flights will be delivered sometime in 2018. On May 30, 2018, Singapore Airlines officially announced that nonstop services between Newark and Singapore will resume on October 11, 2018 using Airbus A350-900ULR. Flight will once again claim its title as the world's longest non-stop scheduled flight service.
In June 2008, the flight cap was put in place to limit the number of flights to 81 per hour. Close flights, valid until 2009, are intended to be short-term solutions to Newark's congestion. The FAA has since embarked on a seven-year project to ease congestion at all three New York regional airports and the surrounding aviation routes.
Newark is the main hub for United Airlines (Continental Airlines before the 2010-12 merger). United owns Global Gateway at Terminal C, after completing a major expansion project that includes a new, third concourse and new Federal Inspection facility. With its Newark hub, United has the most service from any airline in the New York area. On March 6, 2014, United opened a new $ 132,000-square-foot (12,300m 2 ) hangar in a 3-acre (1.2Ã, ha) package to accommodate United's wide-body aircraft during maintenance. By 2015, the airline announced plans to leave JFK at once and streamline cross-continent operations in Newark. On July 7, 2016, the US Department of Transport announced that Newark was one of ten cities for the first time to operate flights to JosÃÆ' © Martà Bandar International Airport in Havana, Cuba.
In 2012, United brought 71% of airport passengers. The next two busiest airlines, Delta Air Lines and JetBlue Airways, each have less than 5%.
In 2016, the Port Authority approved and announced a rebuilding plan to build a new A-terminal to replace existing ones, which opened in 1973. The new A-terminals are estimated to cost about $ 2.3 billion, and will include a new parking garage, 33 gates, and lanes to connect Airtrain stations, parking garages, and terminals. This is expected to be completed by 2022.
Maps Newark Liberty International Airport
Facilities
Runways
The airport covers 2,027 hectares (820 ha) and has three runways and one helipad:
- 4L/22R: 11,000 by 150 feet (3,353 m ÃÆ' â € "46 m) Asphalt/concrete, grooved
- 4R/22L: 10,000 to 150 feet (3.048 m ÃÆ' â € "46 m) Asphalt, notched
- 11/29: 6,726 times 150 feet (2,050 mÃÆ'â € "46 m) Asphalt, notched
- Helipad H1: 40 x 40 feet (12 m ÃÆ'â € "12 m) concrete
Runway 11/29 was one of three runways built during World War II. In 1952 Runways 1/19 and 6/24 closed and the new 4/22 Runway (now 4R/22L) opened at a length of 7,000 feet (2,100 m). After 1970 the foundation was extended to 9,800 feet (3,000 ft). m), shortened to temporarily up to 9,300 ft (2,800 m) and finally reached its current length in 2000. The 4L/22R platform opened in 1970 at 8,200 ft (2,500 m) long and extended into a long current in 2000.
All approaches except Runway 29 having Instrument Landing Systems and Runway 4R have been certified for Category III approach. Runway 22L has been upgraded to the capabilities of the CAT III approach.
Runway 4L/22R is mainly used for takeoff while 4R/22L is mainly used for landing and 11/29 is used by smaller aircraft or when there are strong crosswinds on two main runways. Newark's parallel bases (4L and 4R) are 950 feet (290 m) apart, the fourth smallest separation from major US airports, after San Francisco International Airport, Los Angeles International Airport and Seattle-Tacoma International Airport.
Unlike the other two major New York airports, JFK and La Guardia, which are located right next to large water bodies (Jamaica Bay and East River, respectively) and runways that extend at least partly to them, Liberty Newark, whilst located right on Interstate 95 from Newark Bay and not far from the Hudson River, not directly in front of the two bodies of water, so the airport and the runway are completely locked.
Terminal
Liberty Newark has three passenger terminals. Terminals A and Terminal B were completed in 1973 and had four levels. The ticket counters are upstairs, except for the second floor residents of Wow Air, Aer Lingus, Virgin Atlantic and Delta Air Lines and the British Airways, OpenSkies and Spirit Airlines counters at Terminal B. Gates and the shops are on the third floor. floor. Karosel luggage (A and B) are on the second floor (B also has some on the first floor) and Terminal B has an international arrival lounge on that floor as well. Finally, short-term parking and ramp operations (restricted areas) are on the ground floor.
Terminal C, designed by Grad Associates and completed in 1988, has two ticket levels, one for international check-in and one for domestic check-in. The main terminal building for Terminal C was built side by side with Terminals A and B in the 1970s but was inactive until People Express Airlines took over as a substitute for the previous North Terminal when the flight center there overtook the old facility. Upon opening, Terminal C has 41 gates, one departure level, one arrival level, and underground parking garage. The gates, and food and shopping outlets are located on the mezzanine floor between two check-in floors.
Terminal A only handles domestic and Canadian flights served by Jet Blue, Southwest, Air Canada, Air Canada Express, Alaska Airlines, American Airlines, American Eagle; and several United Express flights (ie ultra short short-haul flights).
Terminal B exclusively deals with foreign operators; and also handles flights to the Caribbean via JetBlue and other smaller airlines, Delta Airlines flights, Delta Connection, Elite Airways, Alegiant and Spirit Airlines, and several United international flights.
Terminal C is dedicated to United Airlines and its regional airline United Express.
From 1998 to 2003, Terminal C was rebuilt and expanded into a $ 1.2 billion program known as the Continental Airlines Global Gateway Project. The project, designed by Skidmore, Owings & amp; Merrill, doubling the space available for outbound travelers because the baggage claim/arrival space was previously renovated and turned into a second departure level. Perhaps the most significant is the addition of the International Concourse C-3, a spacious and spacious new facility with a maximum capacity of 19 narrowbody aircraft (or 12 widebody planes). The completion of the new concourse increased the main jet gate of Terminal C to 57. Along with the Concourse C-3 is a new international arrival facility. Also included in the project: a 3,400-room parking garage built in front of the terminal, a new air corridor connecting Concourses C-1, C-2 and C-3, the new President's Club lounge (now called United Club) between C-2 and C-3, and new baggage processing facilities, including the reconstruction of the used underground parking area into new baggage claims and arrival hall.
In 2008, Terminal B was renovated to increase capacity for passengers departing and passenger comfort. Renovations include expanding and updating the ticket area, building new departure levels for domestic flights and building new arrivals halls. Plans are also underway to expand Terminal A by adding a new parking garage and radically extending the size of the first concourse to add new gates, tickets, luggage and security areas.
Each terminal has three concourses: Terminal A, for example, is divided into concourses A1, A2 and A3. The gate numbering starts at Terminal A with Gate A10 and ends at Terminal C with Gate C139. Significant wayfinding across terminals was designed by Paul Mijksenaar, who also designed the nameplate for LaGuardia and JFK Airports.
Terminal A is the only terminal that does not have immigration facilities: flights that come from other countries can not use Terminal A (except countries with US custom clearance), although some international flights depart using the terminal.
Following the business model of other Port Authority facilities, in some cases all terminals are operated by the terminal operator and not by the Port Authority directly. In Newark Liberty, Terminal A and Terminal C are operated by United Airlines. Terminal B is the only passenger terminal operated directly by the Port Authority.
In January 2012, Port Authority's executive director Patrick Foye said $ 350 million would be spent on Terminal B, handling complaints by passengers that they can not move freely. The renovation is in progress. Foye also said new Terminal A could be built.
Further development is done at Terminal B when the Port Authority installed new LED equipment in 2014. LED equipment developed by Sensity Systems, uses wireless networking capabilities to collect and enter data into software that can detect long lines, recognize license plates, and identify suspicious activity and alert the right staff.
In November 2014, the airport's convenience manager OTG announced a new $ 120 million renovation plan for terminal C that includes the installation of 6,000 iPads and 55 new restaurants led by celebrity chefs, with the opening of the first new restaurant in summer 2015 and all projects completed in the year 2016.
The airport has 121 gates in three terminals. Terminal A has 29 gates, Terminal B has 24 gates, and Terminal C has 68 gates.
Ground Transport
Train
The monorail system (AirTrain) connects the terminal with Newark Liberty International Airport Station. This station provides direct rail connections to any station along the Northeast Corridor Line of New Jersey Transit or the North Jersey Coast Line, including regional transit centers such as Newark Penn Station, Secaucus Junction and New York Penn Station where transfers are available for any rail line in the north New Jersey or Long Island, New York. Amtrak also serves stations with Northeast Regional and Keystone Service excluding Acela Express. The $ 5.50 fee for AirTrain is included with the purchase of train tickets, with the exception of children aged 11 and under and customers who use monthly tickets with the airport as their origin or destination.
The AirTrain monorail also connects the terminals with parking lots, parking garages, and rental car facilities at no cost.
Bus
NJT Buses operate local services to the north to Irvington, Downtown Newark and Newark Penn Station, where connections are available for the fast transit system of PATH and rail. Bus go 28 is a bus line rapid transit to Downtown Newark, Newark Broad Street Station and Bloomfield Station. The Southbound service leaves for Elizabeth, Lakewood, Toms River, and midpoints.
Olympia Trails operates express buses to Port Authority Terminal, Bryant Park, and Grand Central Terminal in Manhattan and Super-Shuttle, Go Airport Shuttle, and Go-link operate a shared taxi service.
Road
Private limousines, car services and taxis also provide services to/from the airport. Taxis serving the airport charge a fixed rate based on destination. For trips to/from New York, fares are set by the New York City Taxi and Limousine Commission.
The airport is served directly by the US Route 1/9, which provides connections to Route 81 and Interstate 78, both of which have intersections with the New Jersey Turnpike (Interstate 95) at exits 13A and 14, respectively. To the north, Route 1/9 becomes Pulaski Skyway which connects to the Dutch Tunnel connecting Jersey City with Lower Manhattan.
The airport operates short and long term parking spaces with shuttle buses and monorail access to the terminal.
The new free Cellphone Lot (waiting area) has been opened for people picking someone at the airport.
Airlines and destinations
Passenger
^ a The Elite Airway flight from Newark to Bimini operates endlessly, but sometimes stops at Orlando-Melbourne in return.
Cargo
Statistics
Top destinations
In 2012, United Airlines flies 72% of all passengers in Newark.
Annual traffic
Airport information
Newark Airport, along with LaGuardia and Kennedy airports, uses uniform style throughout the airport property. A yellow sign directs passengers to airline gates, tickets, and other airline services; signs of green passengers directly to land transportation services and black markings leading to toilets, telephones and other passenger facilities. The New York City traffic reporter, Bernie Wagenblast, provides a voice for airport radio stations and roadside announcements, as well as messages heard on the Aircrains of Newark and at his station.
The airport has an IATA EWR designation, rather than a design that begins with the letter 'N' because the "NEW" pointer has been assigned to Lakefront Airport in New Orleans, LA, and since the Navy Department uses a three- with N for its purposes. The airport has no official area for flight traffic, but IKEA Elizabeth (located on the East side of the New Jersey Turnpike) can be used as an unofficial point for both departing and landing planes.
Accommodation
In the complex Newark Liberty International Airport is a Marriott hotel, the only hotel located on the airport property. The shuttle van operates between the hotel and the terminal because the Marriott is not served by the monorail and there is no official walking route to the terminal, although the Marriott is close to the main parking lot between terminals.
Accidents and incidents
On March 17, 1929, a Western Airlines Colonial Western Ford Tri-Motor suffered a double engine failure during its initial ascent, failing to reach altitude, and crashed into a sand-laden rail carrier, killing 14 of 15 people in it. At that time, it was the deadliest flight accidents in American history.
See also
- New World War II Army Field
Note
References
External links
- Newark Liberty International Airport (official site)
- "The Busy Airport in the World" Popular Mechanics , May 1937
- Historical American Engineering Record (HAER) no. NJ-133, "Newark International Airport"
- How to Get To Newark Airport
- Flights: From Sand Hill to Boom Sonic, National Parks Service Discover Our Joint Heritage Travel Schedule
- FAA Airport Chart Ã, (PDF) , effective May 24, 2018
- Resources for this airport:
- AirNav airport information for KEWR
- ASN accident history for EWR
- FlightAware airport information and direct flight trackers
- NOAA/NWS latest weather observations
- SkyVector aeronautics graph for KEWR
- The current EWR FAA delay information
- OpenNav airspace and charts for KEWR
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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