A tennis court is the place where tennis is played. This is a firm rectangular surface with low nets stretched in the center. The same surface can be used to play multiple and single matches. Various surfaces can be used to create a tennis court, each with its own characteristics that affect the playing style of the game.
Video Tennis court
Dimensions
The dimensions of a tennis court are determined and governed by the governing body of the International Tennis Federation (ITF) and are written in the annual 'Tennis Rules' document. The court is 78 feet (23.77 meters) long. The width is 27 feet (8.23 meters) for a single game and 36 feet (10.97 meters) for a double game. The service line is 21 feet (6.40 meters) from the net. Additional free space around the field is required for the player to reach an overrun ball with a total width of 60 feet (18 meters) and 120 feet (37 meters) long. The net is stretched across the width of the field, parallel to the base line, dividing it into two equal edges. The net is 3 feet 6 inches (1.07 meters) high on the pole, and 3 feet (0.91 meters) high in the middle. The net paper is 3 feet (0.91 meters) outside the double court on each side or, for a single net, 3 feet (0.91 meters) outside a single court on each side.
Smaller court
The Play and Stay campaign of the ITF promotes playing in smaller courts with slower red, orange and green balls for younger children. It gives the child more time and control so they can serve, collect, and score from the first lesson in court that is the size of their body. The ITF has mandated that the official competition for children under 10 years old should be played in the Orange "court" 18m (59 ft) long 6.4 m (21 m) wide. Competition for children under 8 years old is played in the "Red" court which is 11 m (36 ft) in length and 5.5 m (18 ft) wide. The net is always 0.8 m high in the middle.
Maps Tennis court
Surface
Tennis is played on a variety of surfaces and each surface has its own characteristics that affect the playing style of the game. There are four main types of courts depending on the materials used for court surface: clay courts, hard courts, lawns and carpet courts. The International Tennis Federation (ITF) lists various surfaces and properties and classifies surfaces into one of five speed settings:
- Category 1 (slow)
- Category 2 (medium-slow)
- Category 3 (medium)
- Category 4 (medium-fast)
- Category 5 (fast)
Of the four Grand Slam tournaments today, Australia and the US Open are using hardcourts, the French Open is played on clay, and Wimbledon, the only Grand Slam always played on the same surface, is played on the grass. The Australian Open switched to a harsh trial in 1988 and in the early years of the French championships alternated between clay and sand/ruins. The US Open is the only course played on three fronts; it was played on grass from early to 1974, clay from 1975 to 1977 and was a harsh trial since moving from the West Side Tennis Club to the National Tennis Center in 1978.
The ITF uses the following classification for surface types of tennis courts:
Clay Field
The clay is made of pieces of rock, stone or brick that are destroyed. The French Open is the only Grand Slam tournament that uses clay.
Clay field slows the ball and produces a high jump compared to grass or hardcourt. For this reason, clay takes a lot of advantages from great service, which makes it difficult for service-based players to dominate on the surface. Clay courts are cheaper to build than other types of tennis courts, but the clay surface costs more to maintain. Clay courts need to be rolled out to maintain flatness. The clay water content must be balanced; Green court clay generally requires courts to tilt to allow water runoff.
Clay Fields are more common in Europe and Latin America than in North America, and tend to be very fond of baseline players.
Historically for the Grand Slams clay court has been used in the US Open from 1975 to 1977 and the French Open since 1891.
Grass court
Grass court is the fastest type of court that is commonly used. They consist of grass growing on very dense ground, which adds an additional variable: the reflector depends on how healthy the grass is, how it has recently been trimmed, and the wear and tear of the last game. Points are usually very fast where fast, low reflections make short meetings, and the service plays a more important role than on any other surface. Grass courts tend to benefit tennis players and volleyball services.
The grass field was once one of the most common tennis surfaces, but is now rarely because of the high maintenance costs of having to be watered frequently and dried, and it takes longer to dry after a rain than a hard field. The surface of the grass, however, is the most forgiving physical to the human body due to its softness.
Historically the Grand Slams grass has been used in the Australian Open from 1905 to 1987, the US Open from 1881 to 1974, and Wimbledon since 1877.
Tough trial
The hard court is made of a uniform rigid material, often covered with an acrylic surface layer to offer a better reflected consistency than any other outer surface. Hard courts can vary in speed, although they are faster than clay but not as fast as grass. The quantity of sand added to the paint can greatly affect the rate of the ball slowing down.
The US Open is played in DecoTurf while the Australian Open is played in Plexicushion, both hard surface surfaces above it.
Historically for the hard court Grand Slam has been used in the Australian Open since 1988 and the US Open since 1978.
Carpet field
The "rug" in tennis means a removable court cover. The indoor arena houses a rubber-backed court reel and sets it up temporarily for a tennis event, but is no longer used for professional events. The form of short, synthetic grass filled with sand is used for some outdoor courts, especially in Asia. Carpet in general is a fast surface, faster than hardcourt, with low reflections.
The important tennis tournaments previously held on the carpet field are Final WCT, Paris Masters, US Pro Indoor and Kremlin Cup. Since 2009, its use has been discontinued at the top level of ATP. Tournaments ATP Challenger Tour like Trofeo CittÃÆ' in Brescia still use the carpet field. The WTA Tour has one remaining court rug show, Tournoi de QuÃÆ' Â © bec International level.
Indoor court
Some of the tennis courts are indoor, allowing to play without regard to weather conditions and more comfortable for the audience. Due to lack of wind, the gameplay is very different compared to the outside field.
Any court surface can be used indoors. Hard court is the most common in the room, as it is made with the most versatile material and surface finish. Clay Field is installed indoors with an underground watering system, and is mostly used for Davis Cup matches. The conclusion of the Wimbledon Championships, in 2012, is played in the Center Court yard under enclosed roofs and artificial lights. The Halle Open has also seen a number of matches being played on grass at the Gerry Weber Stadium with a closed roof. Carpet surfaces have been used both on the ATP World Tour and the World Championship Tennis, although no show currently uses them. Historically, other surfaces have been used indoors such as hardwoods at the World Covered Court Championships and the dead London Indoor Professional Championships. Currently, the ATP World Tour Finals event is the most important indoor tennis tournament.
Terminology
General tennis court requirements:
- profit service box or ad court : The receiver's left-side service box, or opponent's rights to the server; significant as the receiver side to the point of excellence.
- Alley or Tramlines : Path on each side of a single court. This is only used when playing double.
- Court back : The area between baseline and service line.
- Baseline : The back line of the court, farthest from and parallel to the net.
- Center service line : The line dividing the two service boxes on each side.
- Middle mark : The 12-inch mark at the midpoint of the center line is used to distinguish two parts (and service boxes) from the tennis court.
- Deuce service box deuce court : The right side box of the receiver, or the left side of the opponent for the server, is significant as the receiver side for the deuce point.
- Service box : Areas on each side are limited by a single side line, service line, and network. There is a left and right service box, separated by a central service line.
- Service line : A line that aligns with the network and lies between the base line and the network. This marks the end of the service box.
- T Side : The T shape is formed by a service line and a single side line. There are four sides of Ts, two on each side of the net.
- T or Middle T : The T shape is formed by the service line and the central service line.
See also
- List of tennis stadiums based on capacity
- No court
References
External links
- International Tennis Federation (ITF) - tennis court construction guidelines
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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