A earth house (also known as earth berm , a sheltered house on earth, or eco-friendly house ) is an architectural style characterized by the use of the natural terrain to help shape the walls of the house. An earth house is usually set partly into the ground and covered with a thin growth. Modern earth houses are built with walls and concrete insulation.
Video Earth house
Bumi
Unlike traditional residential homes built on land, the purpose of building earth houses is not to live under or on the ground, but with it. If the soil and the house are separate, a house is built "into the air", resulting in the loss of heat and humidity, and the outer shell of the building loses its lifetime. The concept of earth houses uses soil as an insulating blanket that efficiently protects it from rain, low temperature, wind and natural abrasion. Earth houses do not have to be built underground, it can be placed into a field that grows naturally. Earth houses are flexible constructions that can be built in accordance with the wishes of the owner, meeting the requirements for individuality and energy conservation. The structural engineering of the earth's homes creates an organic design that requires a sense of spatial and creativity. The architecture of the earth house reminds us of a habitable statue, combining artistic and sculptural qualities.
The entrance to the earth's house can be on the roof. Early earth houses do not have windows, but modern earth houses can have windows inside the roof which can mean that more natural sunlight enters them than in the average house.
Earth houses should not be simple in design or low cost; "The Burrow" in Canterbury, England, went on sale for Ã, Â £ 2 million in May 2007. [1] It featured five bedrooms and was designed by Patrick Kennedy-Sanigar, who is now trying to build a "village" using this type of housing.
Maps Earth house
Structural engineering
Structures, designed as integral arches, can be constructed as rigid individual objects or by means of sprayed concrete procedures. The spray made of sprayed concrete provides a free and organic form, allowing the room to be overwhelmed with light. The sprayed concrete procedure was first used by natural scientist Carl Akeley in 1911. Akeley patented a device capable of spraying fine concrete. While the sprayed concrete is mainly applied in underground engineering and tunnel construction, Friedrich Kiesler was the first to use this technique for building construction. Swiss architect Peter Vetsch has refined this technique for several years. To date, he has built over 40 earthhouses using sprayed concrete, and as such he can be regarded as a leading authority in this area of ​​expertise. The sprayed concrete is applied to a finely connected metal mesh net that is welded to the support armature. The curve is bent and formed according to the desired shape of the building. Isolation of 20 cm thick solid polyurethane foam is sprayed onto the outside of the arch, protecting the house from low or high temperatures. A fleece filter mat is then placed on top of this and the building is covered with a thick layer of soil about 80 cm to 3 meters. The building platform designed by Peter Vetsch was built conventionally. The interior walls of an earth house are equipped with a loam rendering that provides superior moisture compensation. The loam rendering is finally coated with white-lime cement paint.
Design and architecture
Earth House by exponents such as Peter Vetsch or Arthur Quarmby is based on interpretations of ecologically, ecologically and progressively conscious architecture. They stand out because of their proximity to nature and allow experience beyond the four regular walls and their right angles. The concept of the earth house uses its environment as an advantage - the environment is not adapted to the building, the house is formed to preserve the natural environment. Modern earthhome architecture combines the latest interior finishing, such as contemporary kitchen, bathroom and home control system. Furthermore, each new house is designed in accordance with the wishes of the owner. Every earth house can be regarded as a very individual object. The focus of this planning process is human, given the opportunity to integrate "third skin" into its own architectural language. Earth Houses can be built as single residential or residential homes.
Benefits
The advantages of the earth's homes are mainly ecological and security related.
Isolation, energy and CO 2 savings
One of the major ecological benefits of the architecture of the earth's home lies in its natural isolation. The unique architecture cools the house in summer and keeps warm in winter. A further advantage is higher air humidity of 50 to 70% compared to overheated rooms from conventional homes in winter. Furthermore, since soil houses are watertight, they can be considered ideal for controlled air conditioning.
Windstorm and earthquake protection
The architecture of these unique land houses protects them from severe storms. They can not be torn or upside down because of strong winds. Engineering structures and, above all, the lack of angles and open sections (roofs), removes vulnerable surfaces that otherwise would be damaged by a storm. Furthermore, the earth's homes benefit from increased stability due to more natural curvature.
Landscape and land use protection
Compared to conventional buildings, the earth's houses fit perfectly with the environment. The enclosed soil helps to combine the environment, protect natural landscapes, and contribute to the soil oxygen-nitrogen balance, which would otherwise be masked by traditional home foundations, inhibits nitrogen fixation and soil aeration. Contrary to conventional rooftops, the earth-roof roof returns usable surface area to the environment. They can also be built as tiered structures if the slope is appropriate, thereby using much less land, because the structure can be built up to the boundaries of the property. Due to the thick construction facilities, more green space remains available. Furthermore, the structure of the earth's house can be easily built into hilly terrain, compared to conventional homes, which will require flat land.
Fire protection
Compared with other building materials, such as wood, earth houses have efficient fire protection because of the use of concrete and insulation provided by the roof.
Roof planting
The roof coverings are made using excavation materials which allow for the planting of useful crops. When the roof collects and binds most of the rain water, rivers are freed from the water suddenly and in large numbers.
Light
Earth House can be built using wide glass façade and dome lights, allowing the room to be bright and light-filled. Dome-lights provide natural light for bathrooms and secondary rooms.
Structural Resilience and Survival
Because of the Earth's mass between the living space of the earth's home and the ground, the earth's house offers significant protection from impact/explosion of damage, or the fall associated with a nuclear bomb.
Disadvantages
The special architecture of the earth's houses usually leads to uneven spherical walls, which can cause problems with interior decoration, especially regarding furniture and large paintings. However, this problem can be anticipated during the conceptual design of the earth's home.
Unless well ventilated, sheltering homes on earth can have very high humidity levels, causing mold or mildew growth. The underground orientation of many sheltering homes on earth can allow the accumulation of radon or other undesirable materials.
Despite the large windows (usually facing south in the northern hemisphere), many sheltered houses from the earth have dark areas in the area across the window. All natural light coming from one side of the house can provide "tunnel or cave effect". This can be reduced by the strategic use of skylights, solar tubes, or artificial light sources.
Due to the unusual design and construction of sheltered houses on earth, local building codes and procedures may need to be researched and/or navigated.
Many financial institutions that directly exclude financing in homes with a mass of earth or require this type of property to be public in the area.
Gallery
- Earth House
See also
- Earth Shelter
- Earthship
- The earth structure
- Green building
- Underground life
References
External links
- Earth House by Vetsch Architektur
- Self-heating eco-house by Veljko Milkovi?
- a closed house
- StocktonUndergroundÃ,: Owner-Builder Approach
- Earth House Now
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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