Security guard

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A security guard (also known as a security officer or protective agent ) is a person employed by the public or private party to protect the party who hires the asset ( property, people, equipment, money, etc.) from various hazards (such as waste, damaged property, unsafe worker behavior, criminal activity such as theft, etc.) by enforcing precautions. The security guard does this by maintaining a very clear presence to prevent illegal and inappropriate conduct, seeking (either directly, by patrol, or indirectly, by monitoring the alarm system or video surveillance camera) for signs of crime or other danger (such as fire), take action to minimize damage (such as warning and escorting intruders from the property), and report any incidents to clients and emergency services (such as police or paramedics) as appropriate.

Security officers are generally uniformed to represent their legitimate authority to protect private property. The security officer is generally governed by the rule of law, which specifies requirements for eligibility (eg, examination of criminal records) and the authorized authority of a security guard in a jurisdiction. Authorities allowed for security guards vary by country and subnational jurisdiction. Security officers are employed by organizations, including businesses, government departments and nonprofit institutions and organizations (eg, churches and charitable organizations).

Until the 1980s, the term guard was more commonly applied to this function, the use derived from at least the Middle Ages in Europe where there was no form of law enforcement (other than that it became a personal matter). The term is taken to North America where it can be exchanged with night watchers [e.g. security guards] until both terms are replaced by modern security-based titles. Security officers are sometimes perceived as fulfilling a private policing function.

Video Security guard

Functions and tasks

Many security companies and proprietary security departments practice "detection, avoid, observe, and report" methodology. Security officers are not required to make arrests, but have the authority to arrest citizens, or act as law enforcement agencies, for example, at the request of a police officer or sheriff.

The responsibility of private security personnel is to protect their clients from various dangers (usually in the form of criminal acts). Security personnel enforce company rules and can act to protect lives and property, and they often have a contractual obligation to provide these actions. In addition to basic precautions, security personnel are often trained to perform specific tasks such as arrest and control (including handcuffs and restraints), operating emergency equipment, performing first aid, CPR, taking accurate records, writing detailed reports, and performing other tasks as required by the clients they serve. All security officers are also required to undergo additional training mandated by the state to carry weapons such as sticks, firearms, and pepper spray (eg the Bureau of Security and Investigation Services in California has a requirement that the license for each listed must be brought on duty). Some officers are required to complete police certification for specific tasks. The Virginia training standard for security is identical to police training in relation to firearms (rifles and pistols) but does not place license terms for other items carried, only the training provided is documented. Several security companies have also been certified in RADAR and trained their special police officers who are sworn to use them on protected property along with lights/sirens, enabling them to enforce legislation legally on private property.

The number of jobs is expected to grow in the US, with 175,000 new security jobs expected before 2016. In recent years, due to the increasing threat of terrorism, most security officers are required to have training in bomb threats and/or emergency crisis training, soft goals such as shopping centers, schools, and other areas where the general public gather. One of the major economic justifications for security personnel is that insurance companies (especially fire insurance operators) will provide large tariff discounts for sites that have a 24 hour presence. For high-risk or high-value properties, a discount can often exceed the money spent on its security program. Discounts offered for having security on site increases the likelihood that any fire will be noticed and reported to the local fire department before any total loss occurs. Also, the presence of security personnel (especially in combination with effective security procedures) tends to reduce "depreciation", theft, employee violations and breaches of safety rules, property damage, or even sabotage. Many casinos hire security guards to protect money when transferring them from casinos to casino banks.

Security officers can also control access at the entrance of the building and the gates of vehicles; that is, they ensure that employees and visitors show proper permission or identification before entering the facility. Security officers are asked to respond to potential hazards (such as broken lights or doors, disturbances, missing persons, minor injuries, etc.) and to assist in serious emergencies (medical, fire, crime, etc.) By securing the scene prevents loss or further damage, calling emergency responders to incidents, helping to redirect pedestrian traffic to safe locations, and by documenting what happened to incident reports to give their clients ideas on how to prevent similar situations from happening. Armed security officers are often contracted to respond as law enforcement until a certain situation at the client site is under control and/or public authority arrives on the scene.

Patrols are usually a big part of the security officer's job, because most incidents are prevented by finding instead of waiting for them to happen. Often these patrols are recorded using a guard tour patrol system, which requires routine patrols. Until now the most commonly used form is a mechanical clock system that requires a key to punch the numbers manually onto the paper inside with the time printed on it. But recently, the electronic system has increased in popularity due to its light weight, ease of use, and downloadable capabilities. However, routine patrols are becoming less acceptable as industry standards, because they provide predictability for potential criminals, as well as monotonous for the security officer in charge. Random patrols are easily programmed into electronic systems, allowing greater and unpredictable freedom of movement. Global positioning systems are beginning to be used because they are a more effective means of tracking officer movements and behavior.

Maps Security guard

Personnel

Although security personnel differ from police officers, military personnel, federal agents, and the like, Australia and the United States have an increasing proportion of security personnel with former police or military experience, including senior management personnel. On the other hand, some security officers, especially young people, use the work as a practical experience for use in applying to law enforcement agencies.

Type of personnel and company

Security personnel are classified as one of the following:

• "In-house" or "proprietary" (ie employed by the same companies or organizations they protect, such as malls, playgrounds, or casinos); previously often called police work or security police in the UK.
• "Security watchdog", meet clients and employees as needed to ensure client and employee satisfaction.
• "Scheduler", the duties of Security Officers and strategic scheduling that result in client satisfaction, employee retention, and costs are maintained in the District financial plan.
• "Human Resource Manager", effective delivery of human resources services such as employment, employee/employee relations, compensation, benefit administration, training and development, worker compensation, and audit compliance. Maintain and implement company-related employment policies and programs.
• "Client Services Manager", promoting financial growth for Districts by ensuring client retention, Security Officer retention, and support for new business development.
• "Client Service Supervisor", provides security services to designated clients resulting in customer satisfaction, Security Officer retention, and financial growth for Districts. Providing services in large and complex areas.
• "Contracts", works for private security companies that protect multiple locations.
• "Public Security", a person employed or appointed as a security officer (usually armed) by a government or government agency.
• "Private Police Officers", or "Special Police".
• "Private Patrol Officer", a vehicle patrolman who protects multiple client locations.
• "Parapolice", an aggressive company that is routinely involved in criminal investigations and arrests.

Industrial terms for security personnel include: security guards, security officers, security agents, security patrols, private police, corporate police, security officers, and public safety. Requirements for special jobs include bouncers, bodyguards, executive protection agents, loss prevention, alarm answering, hospital security personnel, mall security officers, crime prevention officers, patrollers, private patrol officers, and private patrol operators.

State and local governments sometimes regulate the use of these terms by law - for example, certain words and phrases that "suggest that he is connected in any way to the federal, state, or state political government "is prohibited for use by California security license holders by the Business Code Section and Profession 7582.26. So the term "private murder police" or "special agent" would violate the law for a security license to be used in California. Similarly, in Canada, actions specifically prohibit private security personnel using the terms Trial Officers , law enforcement , policemen , or Police. officer .

Alberta and Ontario prohibit the use of the term "Security Personnel", which has been used extensively in the United States for decades. Recent changes to the law have also introduced restrictions on the uniform and vehicle colors and signs to make private security personnel clearly different from police personnel. Some sources feel that some of these restrictions are in place to satisfy the Canadian Police Association. Special VIP and corporate security guard services are in great demand and determined by their ability to protect celebrities and executives during times of unrest. There are striking differences between people who perform tasks that are historically linked to guards and those who take a more active role in protecting people and property. The first, often called "guard", is taught "observe and report" mantras, minimally trained, and not expected to deal with the public or face criminals.

The latter are often highly trained, sometimes armed depending on the contract agreed with the client, and more likely to interact with the general public and to confront the criminal element. These employees tend to be proud of the title "Security Officer" or "Protection Officer" and insult the "guard" label. Security jobs vary in salary and duties. Sometimes there is little connection between tasks performed and compensation, for example some "security guard" malls are exposed to serious risks of less than an hourly income rather than "industrial security guards" who have less training and responsibility. However, there are now more positions in the security role that separate not only the title, but the work itself. Roles have evolved and so are the areas that security people need. The term "agent" can be confusing in the security industry as it may depict civil legal relationships between employees and their employers or contractors ("owner's agents" in California PC 602), and may also describe a person in government services ("Jones Special Agent from the Federal Bureau of Investigation ".) The title" agent "can be confused with a security enforcement agent, also known as a" bounty hunter ", which is sometimes governed by the same agency that regulates personal security. The term "agent" is also used in other industries, such as banking agents, loan agents and real estate agents. Security agents are often used in the role of loss prevention and personal or executive protection (bodyguard). They usually work in plainclothes (uniform), and are usually highly trained to act according to the law in direct defense of life or property.

The security officers are private citizens, and therefore are bound by the same laws and regulations with the citizens who are contracted to serve, and are therefore not allowed to represent themselves as law enforcement under the penalty of punishment.

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Training

As with the police profession, training requirements for the private security industry have evolved over time. For years, security personnel were not well-chosen and poorly trained (if any), partly because security companies contracted with private-sector clients paid very little for their security services. For the most part, contracts are awarded to security company firms through a process of competition and final selection is often made on the basis of the experience or professionalism of the security guard company. That changed drastically on September 11, 2001 when radical terrorists attacked the United States. The event shifted the company's threat fears to the top priority list for most security guard contracts began to be awarded on the basis of professionalism. More money is invested in security so more money is available for security guard training. The term 'security professionals' began to emerge and major private security companies such as Blackwater, USA began offering training services for the private security industry close to the level of training provided by the military. Security companies began paying enough to attract people with a significant background in law enforcement and the military, often in special operations.

Australia

Any person who does business or is employed in security-related fields in Australia should be licensed. Each of the six Australian states and territories has a separate law covering all security activities. Licensing management in each state/territory varies and is carried out by the Police, the Department of Attorney General, the Department of Justice or the Department of Consumer Affairs.

• New South Wales - (Police) Security Industry Act 1997 & amp; Security Industry Regulation 2016
• Victoria - (Police) Personal Security Act 2004
• Queensland - (Justice & Attorney-General) Security Providers Act 1993
• South Australia - (Consumer & Business Affairs) Security and Investigation Agencies Act 1995
• Western Australia - (Police) Security & amp; Related Activity (Control) Act 1996 & amp; Security & amp; Related Activity (Control) Regulation 1997
• Tasmania - (Police) * Security Agent and Investigation Act 2002
• Northern Region - (Justice) Private Security Act & amp; Personal Security (Crowd Security/Controllers/Security Companies/Other Provisions) Regulations;
• Australian Capital Territory - (Service Rules) Industrial Safety Act 2003 & amp; Security Industry Regulation 2003

All laws are intended to enhance the integrity of the private security industry.

All persons licensed for security activities are required to undertake professional development in a nationally recognized flow of related. This is not always the case and the introduction of these requirements is expected to set education standards and knowledge base so that certain jobs can be done competently. Strict requirements are set for the types of uniforms and badges used by security companies. Uniforms or badges that may be confusing with a police officer are prohibited. Also, the use of the title 'Security Police' or 'Private Detective' is unacceptable. While the term security guard is used by corporations, government agencies and individuals, the term security officer is considered more suitable. Bouncer uses the title Crowd Controllers, and Store Detectives uses the title of Loss Prevention or Asset Protection Officer. Security Personnel can carry firearms, handcuffs or sticks where their role requires them to do so and then only when working and has sub-class accreditation in accordance with their licenses.

Canada

In Canada, private security is under the jurisdiction of ten provinces and three territories in Canada. Ten provinces in Canada and one of its territories (Yukon) have laws governing the contract security industry. These eleven jurisdictions require companies that provide security guard services and their employees are licensed. Most Canadian provinces regulate the use of handcuffs and weapons (such as firearms and clubs) by contract security firms and their employees, prohibit them entirely or allow them only under certain circumstances. In addition, in some provinces, some terms, or variations of them, are prohibited either on uniform or self-reference.

Canadian federal law also limits the ability of security personnel to be armed. For example, section 17 of the Firearms Act makes it an offense for anyone, including a security officer, to have a forbidden or restricted weapon (ie a gun) anywhere outside his home. There are two exceptions to this prohibition found in sections 18 and 19 of the Act. Section 18 discusses the transport of firearms while Section 19 discusses allowing persons to carry firearms to their people to protect their lives or the lives of others, or for the performance of their work (Armor Protector Guards, Licensed Trappers), providing Authorization to Carry (ATC) was first obtained.

British Columbia

Personal security in the province of British Columbia is governed by two laws: the Security Services Act and the Security Services Rules . This law is administered and enforced by the Security Program and Police Technology Division of the Ministry of Public Security and Public Defenders. The law requires that a guard must be at least 19 years of age, undergo a criminal background check, and successfully complete a training course. As far as weapons, British Columbia law severely limits its use by security personnel. Article 11 (1) (c) of the Security Services Regulation prohibits security personnel carrying or using "items designed to weaken or control a person or animal", which the government interprets to include all weapons. In addition, section 11 prohibits personal security from using or carrying restrictions, such as handcuffs, unless authorized by the government. However, as in other parts of Canada, officers of armored cars were allowed to carry firearms. In the past, only personnel working for contract security, ie security companies, are organized in British Columbia. However, since September 1, 2009, internal security officers and private investigators are under the jurisdiction of the Security Services Act and the Security Services Regulations. Bodyguards and bouncers, effective November 1, 2009, are also subject to this rule.

Europe

Armed private security officers are less frequent in Europe, and illegal in many countries, such as the UK and the Netherlands. In developing countries (with host country permission), armed security forces comprised mostly of former military personnel are often used to protect corporate assets, especially in war-torn regions.

As a requirement of the Private Security Industry Act of 2001, the UK now requires all contract security officers to have a valid Security Industry Authority license. Licenses should be displayed when on duty, although dispensations may be provided for store detectives, bodyguards and others who need to operate without being identified as security guards. This dispensation is not available for Vehicle Immobilisers. The license is valid for three years and requires the holder to undergo formal training, and must also pass the required Criminal Code Bureau examination. Licenses for Vehicle Immobilisers are valid for one year. Armed guarding and keeping with guns is illegal.

In Finland, all contract security officers must have a legal license granted by the police. Temporary license is valid for four months and a normal license for five years. Licenses require a minimum of 40 hours of coursework for temporary licenses and over 80 hours for normal licenses. Also required a narrow security check. The 40 hour course does not allow carers to carry special equipment such as sticks or handcuffs. The guard must complete an 80 hour course to bring this up. Separate training and licenses are required for security personnel to carry pepper spray, extended sticks or firearms. Train the use of mandatory weapons every year and administered by the Ministry of the Interior, to ensure safe handling of pepper spray and the like. Firearms can only be carried by bodyguards and cash guards in transit or when keeping a person or object significant in terms of public interest. In Finland, a security guard has the right to hold someone "red handed," or seen committing a crime and the right to seek detained individuals for dangerous items and weapons. Someone who has been forcibly detained can only be released by the police. All companies providing security services are also required to have a valid license from the Ministry of Home Affairs.

In the Netherlands, the security officer (beveiligingsbeambte) must undergo a criminal background check by the local police department in the area where the private security company is located. To be a security guard in the Netherlands, one must complete basic training level 2 Beveiliger2. To complete the training, participants must undergo a three-month internship with a private security company licensed by svpb, the board that controls the security exam. A trainee attendant must graduate for a diploma within a year. If the trainee does not graduate, she is not allowed to work again until she completes her training with positive results. After a positive result, a new ID can be issued and valid for three years, after which officers must undergo a background check by the local police again. Security officers in the Netherlands are not allowed to carry weapons or handcuffs. Every uniformed security guard in the Netherlands must have a V symbol on his uniform to inform the public that they are dealing with private guards; this rule is mandated by the Department of Justice. Security uniforms may not resemble police uniforms, and may not contain any rank designations. Yellow and gold are not allowed to be used because Dutch police use gold accents in their uniforms; also, wearing a uniform hat is not allowed. Any new or additional uniform design must be approved by the Department of Justice prior to use. The patrol vehicle may not look like a striped police vehicle. The only private security officers allowed to carry firearms are those who work for the military or the Dutch National Bank (De Nederlandsche Bank); this is where national gold reserves can be found.

Norwegian

In Norway, the security guard is called "Vektere". There are two types of vektere - normal uniform or civilian officers who oversee private and semi-public property, and government-employed vektere working in public places, such as Parliament. The law provides more law enforcement power to security forces in Parliament than to private security. Security personnel must undergo three weeks of training and internship. They were allowed to work for six months after a one-week introductory course. It is also possible to choose Security as a secondary school, requiring two years of schooling and two years of trainee positions in private companies, resulting in government certificates. This certificate makes it easier to get a job, for a slightly higher fee. It also makes it easier to get jobs elsewhere in the security industry. Certificates can also be obtained by private security officers who have at least 5 years of work experience. No security guard carries pepper spray, batons or any other type of weapon. However, handcuffs can be used. Norges Bank (Norwegian bank, federal reserve) has armed security guards until the end of 2013, when they are disarmed by the finance minister. Security officers serving on boats sailing in areas with high risk of piracy can be equipped with firearms. The uniform should not resemble the clothes worn by the police, but some of the uniforms do it. The uniform must have the text 'VEKTER' or 'SIKKERHET' in the pocket of the left shirt.

The security guard, or other person, may detain or arrest anyone who violates any law, provided that the offense carries a sentence of at least six (6) months in jail and a fine. Detainees must be released or handed over to the authorities within 4 hours of the arrest. Security officers assigned to public transport, such as trains, subways, trams and buses, also have some power under Transportloven (transport law). Security officers may issue a fixed penalty ticket for violating parking regulations in designated areas and for passengers on public transport without passing valid. The security guard can only search (searched) a person to prevent the use or confiscation of any type of weapon or anything that can be used as a weapon. In 2006, several security officers (Vakt Service/Nokas) were given extended training and limited police authority to transport prisoners between police detention cells, prisons and courts, etc. Due to protests from the police, the program was canceled after several months.

In addition to the normal "vektere" there is also a special branch for "Ordensvakter" which usually works as a guard or security at concerts and similar event types. Ordensvakter should undergo a week of extra training to learn techniques on how to deal with drunks and people on various drugs. They also learn about Norwegian alcohol legislation (which is rather strict). The police in the local police district must approve any Ordensvakt. This particular rule came after the events of the 1990s when the guards had a bad reputation, especially in Oslo, because it was too brutal and rude to people. At that time, the police had no control over who worked as a guard. After the government implemented training and identity cards issued by police for guards, the problem has been reduced. Oslo police reported that Ordensvakter now helps police identify crimes that would otherwise not be reported. In 2013, due to the high number of rape and robbery by force, the city of Oslo (Oslo Kommune) hired a private security company (Metro Garda) to patrol the immigrant areas of the city center. This patrol has a positive effect, and this city, in addition to Garda Metro officers, now hires their own officers called BymiljÃÆ'¸¸taten (City neighborhood dep). Norwegian municipalities are not allowed to form their own "police". The only police force in Norway is the federal police (politi).

In 2007, several officers from the Securitas AB company were arrested for brutality against a robber they caught on Oslo's main street. The crime was captured by mobile cameras by pedestrians and created public condemnation, with many objections to the way security guards took the law into their own hands. Later, it was revealed that the thief first attacked the security guard when they approached him, so the brutal accusation was dropped. As a result of this episode, police said that they would be more careful when conducting criminal background checks for security guards. Before 2007 security guards were checked when they applied for a job, but not while they were working. Security companies are also criticized for not checking criminal records adequately, in some cases not at all. Now the guards working in personal security should be checked annually. The police have the authority to revoke the company license if the company does not submit a list of employees to the police. Police in Norway are widely criticized for not checking the guards properly, and even when they face problems with guards, guards can still work for months before anything is done. The G4S security company, after being criticized by police for hiring criminals, declared that they could not do anything about the matter, because only the police had the ability to check criminal records of the guards.

In 2012, Norwegian media reported that unskilled police officers and House Guard soldiers had armed employment contracts on civilian ships in the Gulf of Aden, and police leaders planned sanctions against the use of police officers. There are currently about 15,000 people working in private security in Norway. The police have about 10,000 employees in total.

A leading company operating in Norway:

• G4S
• Infratek
• ISS A/S (formerly Personellikring)
• Metro Garda
• NOKAS
• ProSec - Professional Security (especially event security)
• Securitas

Hong Kong

In Hong Kong, the term Security Officer refers to a senior staff member who oversees the security personnel team. Staff working under the supervision of security personnel are called Security Guards .

Legislation

Prior to 1 October 1996, private security personnel were governed by the Audience Ordinance (Chapter 299). However, there are many problems with the regulatory system - for example, there is no limitation on who can set up a private security service company to provide security services to clients. Also, there is no regulation anyone can install security system. Some employers employ "carers" instead of security guards to avoid their responsibilities under the rules (in formal definitions, "carers" should provide facility management services, although security services, provided for residential properties, take some part of facility management services). As a result, the Hong Kong Government imposed a completely new law, the Security and Guard Act (Chapter 460), to replace the Elder Ordinance .

According to the Law of the Security and Controlling Service : No individual will do, agree to commit, or refrain from doing, or as available to do, security work for others unless he does so-

• Below and according to permission; or
• In addition to gifts.

Security jobs means any of the following activities-

• Keep any property;
• Keep any person or place for the purpose of preventing or detecting any violation; (Replacing 25 of 2000 s. 2)
• Install, maintain or repair security devices;
• Design for a specific place or place a system that incorporates a security device.

Security Device means a device designed or adapted for installation in any place or place, except on or in a vehicle, for the purpose of detecting or recording- (Changed 25 years 2000 s.2)

• Any violation occurring; or
• The presence of intruders or objects whose persons, for security reasons, are not permitted to bring to another place or place or place or place.

src: issm.com

Qualification

Qualifications for security guards vary from country to country. Different requirements must be completed before applying for this job.

Hong Kong

Any applicant wishing to apply for a Security Personnel License (SPP) must:

• He has lived in Hong Kong for at least 5 years. (This requirement may have been changed)
• There are no criminal records.
• At least 17 years old when applying.
• Graduated 16-hour compulsory training course and has been awarded a course certificate.
• If the applicant is over 65, he or she must submit a health examination report.

Permissions

Personal Person Licenses are separated into four types: A, B, C, and D.

• A type permit holder is allowed to work in "one block" residential buildings; they are not allowed to carry firearms. There is no age limit.
• Type B permitters are allowed to work in all types of property, but they are also not permitted to carry firearms. The maximum permissions age limit is 65.
• A type C permit holder is allowed to work as an armed guard. (Usually, they are members of the cash car transport crew.) The maximum age limit for this permit is 55.
• A D type permit holder is allowed to design, install, and repair security devices. There is no maximum age limit.

This permit is valid for five years. All holders must renew their permission before it expires, or they will lose qualification to work, thus, until their permission is updated.

Type A and Type B security services are gradually combined with property management services, although the boundary between the two industries is unclear.

Strength of capture

Security Officers in Hong Kong have no special authority to make arrests over ordinary citizens, the arrest of citizens, also known locally as "the power of arrest 101". Article 101 of the Criminal Procedure Ordinance discusses that the arrest of an offender by a private citizen is permitted under certain circumstances if the offender attempts a retaliatory offense. Upon arrest, the suspect should be sent to the police station as soon as possible. A retaliable offense is defined as a crime that carries a prison term of more than 12 months. No security personnel are permitted to search for others, nor are allowed to obtain personal information from others, with the exception of certain circumstances.

Israel

In Israel, almost all security guards carry firearms, especially to prevent terror attacks. Security guards are a common thing: they do check-in checks at shopping centers, transport terminals, government offices and others, and many stores. Many locations with high number of visitors, such as Jerusalem Central Bus Station, use X-ray machines to check passenger bags; elsewhere, they are opened and visually inspected. Since 2009, private security guards such as Mikud have also replaced official security forces at multiple checkpoints within and on the West Bank border, as well as crossings into Gaza.

Malaysia

The private security industry is governed by the Ministry of Home Affairs (Ministry of Home Affairs). By 2018, all private security companies in Malaysia must have at least 80% of their employees complete the Certified Security Guard Training Course to receive approval to renew their Private Agency License. Peninsular Malaysia allows the use of Nepal's security guards in which East Malaysia's immigration policy does not allow the use of foreign workers to be employed in the security industry.

South Africa

Security guards along with the rest of the private security industry are regulated under Law 56 of 2001, the Private Security Industry Regulatory Act.

United States

Private security officers have exceeded the number of police officers since the 1980s, preceding the growing concern about the security brought by the September 11, 2001 attacks. More than 1 million contract security officers, and the same number of guards expected to work directly for US companies, are much more large than the nearly 700,000 law enforcement officers sworn in the United States. Most countries require a license to work as security officers. This license may include a criminal background check or mandated training requirements. Security officers have the same capture power as ordinary citizens, called "private" arrests, arrests of "someone", or "arrest of citizens". If weapons are taken, additional permits and training are usually required. Armed security personnel are commonly used to protect sensitive sites such as government and military installations, armored transport, casinos, banks and other financial institutions, and nuclear power plants. However, armed security is quickly becoming the standard for vehicle patrollers and on many other non-governmental sites.

In some countries, companies are developing technologies to improve personal security. Using behavioral analysis, computers can detect threats faster with fewer errors in judgment. Using a certain algorithm, the computer can now detect aggressive and defensive body language, which triggers an appropriate security or authority alert depending on the event. The system can also track down slips and falls, thefts, and other occurrences commonly experienced in American companies. The responsibilities of the security guards in the United States are widespread. For example, a trend is the increasing use of personal security to support services previously provided by the police department. James F. Pastor discusses issues of substantive legal and public policy that are directly or indirectly related to the provision of security services. This may be indicated by alternative or additional service provider logic. The use of private police has a special appeal because property owners or businesses can directly contract for public safety services, thus providing assistance received for the city budget. Finally, the function of the private police can be flexible, depending on the financial, organizational, political, and client circumstances.

Arizona - The licensed security company is required to provide eight hours of pre-service training to all those employed as security guards before employees act in the capacity of a security guard. There is a state-mandatory curriculum that should be taught, and the subjects covered should include criminal law and arrest, uniform and maintenance laws, communications, use of force, public security procedures, crime scene preservation, ethics, and first responses.

California - Security Officers are required to obtain a license from the Bureau of Security and Investigation Services (BSIS), California Consumer Affairs Department. Applicants must be at least 18 years of age, subject to a criminal history background check through the California Department of Justice (DOJ) and Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), and complete the required 40-hour training. This required training is broken down into training sections and smaller timelines. The first is 8 hours of instruction designed BSIS on the power to capture and weapons. Then, within 30 days after obtaining an individual license, they must receive 16 hours of training in various compulsory and elective courses. Finally, within 6 months of obtaining their license, they must receive an additional 16 hours of training in the various mandatory and elective courses.

California security officers are also required to complete 8 hours of annual training on security-related topics, in addition to the initial 40 hours of training. Training and exams can be managed by private patrol operators or by a large number of certified training facilities. This training can be in the classroom or online.

New Jersey - In 2006 all security personnel employed by "security companies" who provide security services to other entities under contract must undergo certified state-mandated certification training programs. This law, commonly called SORA, is a state effort to improve the quality of security personnel. Security personnel employed by other types of businesses do not require SORA certification cards. However, those employed by Atlantic City casinos must have a state-issued "Casino Registration Card" card.

New Mexico - Beginning in 2008 all security guards must undergo FBI background checks and certified training programs. Guards carrying firearms should also undergo additional training with firearms through approved firearm instructors and pass the psychological exam. The security industry is regulated through the Regulations and Licensing of the New Mexico Division.

North Carolina - Security Officers in North Carolina are required to register and become certified with the Personal Protection Service Board (PPSB), the private security agency under the Department of Justice of North Carolina. The purpose of the Personal Protection Service Agency is to manage licensing, education and training requirements for people, companies, associations, and companies involved in personal protection services in North Carolina. The board is fully funded and administered by departmental employees directed daily by the Director, who is appointed by the Attorney General. There are two classifications for an officer: armed and unarmed. While an unarmed officer is required to take a training class and a 16-hour instruction to get certified, an armed officer must take an additional hour of classroom training and qualify on the range of weapons with firearms to be performed while on duty.

Oklahoma - Security officers in Oklahoma are licensed by CLEET (Council for Law Enforcement Education and Training). To obtain a license as an unarmed officer, an individual must be at least 18 years old and undergo 40 hours of classroom training and pass a criminal history examination. Armed guards must be 21 years old, have 40 hours of classroom training, qualify with their firearms and pass a psychological evaluation.

Oregon - Department of Security, Standards and Public Training

Pennsylvania - There is no license requirement to be an unarmed security guard. However, anyone carrying firearms or other "deadly weapons" in their course and scope of work should be trained as a "Certified Agent" and successfully complete a 40 hour training course (including shooting range) to be certified to carry weapons while on duty under Lethal Weapons Training Act (commonly referred to as Act 235 certification). The certification involves completing a physical medical examination, psychological examination, classroom training and qualification on the range of the gun, by firing 50 rounds of ammunition larger than 0.380acp. The agent must also be eligible to use the shotgun. This certification is good for five years, during which eight hours refresher course must be taken or certification revoked.

South Carolina - All Security Officers have the same authority and capture power as the Sheriff Deputy, while on their property is paid for protection, and according to Attorney General Alan Wilson, is considered Law Enforcement for the purpose of making arrests and issuing warrants before the judge. Private Officers can respond to calls for services, make arrests and use blue lights and traffic radar. They are also specifically authorized by the State Division of Law Enforcement (SLED) to issue a Uniform Traffic Ticket to offenders. The Security Officer is licensed or registered (as appropriate) by the SLED for one year at a time. Training for unarmed officers is 8 hours, an additional 8 hours is required for a security weapon license or a hidden security weapon license. Additional hours are required to be documented for officers who issue public or private tickets as well as officers who will use sticks, pepper spray or Tasers.

Virginia - Since the 1980s, Security Officers in Virginia are required to be certified by the DCJS (Department of Criminal Justice Services, the same agency authorizing law enforcement officials). To get certified as an unarmed security officer, one has to go through 18 hours of classroom training from a certified instructor to obtain this card and it must be done at the end of 90 days after hiring with Security company. Every two years the card must be updated, by completing the service with a certified instructor. To get certified as an armed security officer, one must complete an additional 24 hours firearms training, 8 hours of training in making legitimate arrests, and qualify with the type and caliber of weapons they wish to carry. Firearm support should be updated annually by completing in-service and pass firearms qualifications. Certified armed security officers are authorized under the country code to arrest for offenses committed before them while they are on duty at the leased location to protect them. Unarmed officers do not have the power of detention. They are also given authority by state law to issue a call to appear in court for crimes and minor crimes. Virginia also allows security personnel to attend an additional 40 hours of training to get certified as a Peace Conservator (Special Police) for the company that employs them. This appointment is made by a Circuit Court Judge, where the officer is actually inducted and has the authority of a police officer about the property in which they work, as well as the legitimate obligation to act after witnessing any crime and the ability to pursue the escaped criminals. The sworn officers like that are also allowed to use sirens and red lights. Those who handle K-9, working as dispatchers, alarm responders, private detectives, instructors, hunters, armored car couriers and Executive Protection Specialists are other categories of training arranged by DCJS with additional training requirements. All positions require a background check of the State Police and the FBI.

St. Louis, Missouri - Security officers must be licensed by the St. Louis County Police Department or the St. Louis Police Department. Louis. Training of security officers St. Louis County is a two-day class and annual renewal class. Armed officers must shoot every two years to keep their armed status. County License is called the Metropolitan License, which means good for St. Louis City and County. Website St. Louis City has all the information regarding licensing requirements, as they are the same in towns and districts.

Texas - There are three types of license types for Security Officers in the state of Texas. Each requires a certain level of training. All training and licensing are governed by the Public Security Bureau of the Department of Public Security. The three types of licenses

Non Commissioned Security Officer (Level II) Ã,

A Non-Commission Security Officer is unarmed and must wear a special uniform approved by DPS. The main purpose of this type of officer is the most security-related phrases, Observe and Report. Security guards are generally there to be good witnesses.

• Training Required: Level II/Non Commissioned Officer requires 6 hours of classroom-based training. This course can be taught by licensed companies directly to new employees. The Owners, Qualified Managers, or who are appointed by a Qualified Manager may teach the course. Upon completion of the course, the candidate must pass a multiple choice test. There are no prerequisites for this course or license.
• Background Check: FBI background check and electronic fingerprint imagery
• Renewal: Submission of renewal fee every two years. No renewal courses are required.

Assigned Security Officer (Level III) Ã,

An openly assigned Security Officer carries a pistol and may also carry a stick, chemical supply equipment (OC), Taser, etc. The assigned officers must also wear uniforms approved by different DPS and can not hide their weapons while on duty and/or uniform. The main purpose of this type of officer is to actively prevent and prevent crime. Observe and report now into a secondary function and the officer is to actively protect clients and property in accordance with client procedures as well as state/federal law.

• Required Training: Level III/Assigned Officer requires a 40-hour Level III course. Training for this license consists of classroom-based learning, defense tactics, handcuffs, and firearms training. Upon completion of the course, candidates must pass a firepower and multiple choice test. This license requires a previous Level II course to be completed in advance. This course can only be taught by licensed Level III instructors who work under a state licensed Level 3 security training school.
• Background Check: FBI background check and electronic fingerprint imagery
• Update: Submission of the 6-hour re-qualification renewal fee and proof of completion taught by Level III instructor under Level III training school. The re-qualification course requires completion of multiple choice exams and firearm qualifications. This is done every two years.

Personal Protection Officer (Level IV) Ã,

A Personal Protection Officer (PPO) directly protects the lives of their clients. PPO is the only type of license that can use plain clothes while working. PPO plain clothes MUST hide their firearms, and they are also the only type of license that can hide their firearms altogether. License Level IV/Personal Protection is bound to Level III/Command license. In order to issue a PPO license, PPO candidates must apply at the same time or have received the license of the Level III/Assigned Authorized Security Officer. Security Officers Level III and IV will also have the same expiration date regardless of the date of issue.

• Required Training: Level IV/Personal Protection Officer requires a 15-hour course of additional legal teaching, defense tactics, consideration for client's personal protection, and OC training. This License requires a Level II course and a Level III course to be completed in advance. This course can only be taught by a licensed Level IV instructor who works under a state licensed Level IV security training school.
• Background Check: FBI background check and electronic fingerprint imagery
• Psychological Testing: In addition to training and background checks, PPOs should also apply for MMPI (psychological tests) administered by a Texas licensed Psychologist.
• Update: Current and current Level III/Commissioner Officer's update and license update or pending update of Level III/Commissioner Officer license.

New Orleans, Louisiana New Orleans City Police Department pursuant to the New Orleans Home Rule Charter section 4-502 (2) (a) (b) and the New Orleans City Code 17-271 MCS 90 -86, Armed Security Officers, Private Investigators, College Police Officers, Municipalities, Countries and Federal Agents, within city limits, with limited Police Authority as New Orleans Police Special Officers. New Orleans Municipal Code 17-271 MCS 30-1122 states It is unlawful for everyone to act as an armed guard unless he is a Peacekeeper. Louisiana R.S. 40: 1379.1 (b) states that the Special Officer, when performing tasks requiring the Commission of the Special Commission, shall have the same powers and duties as the Peacekeepers. The Special Officer may make a detention for a crime or crime offenses on the property or area they will protect, patrol, or in connection with their immediate assignment. The Special Officer during the capture can pat the captured subject for weapons. The Special Officer will submit the captured subject and the offending evidence to the New Orleans Police Officer. The Special Officer or to honor all subpoenas of the arrest made and appear in court to testify. The Special Officer when not on a particular task is considered a private citizen and does not have the Police Force. However, the Special Officer can still make arrests for crimes, whether within or outside of his presence, while not on a particular assignment, under Louisiana's Law of the Law of CCRP.214 Arrest by an individual; when halal.

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Security and police officers

Security personnel are not police officers, unless they are security police, but are often identified as such because of the same uniforms and behaviors, especially on private property. Security personnel gain their power from state or provincial law, which enables them to enter into contractual arrangements with clients who give them the power of the Owner's Agent. This includes an almost unlimited power to be questioned in the absence of possible requirements that cause frequent public law enforcement officers. In essence, the security guard maintains a private property/person safe from harm, while police officers protect the whole community by enforcing the law and arresting those suspected of being offenders. Some jurisdictions commission or depose security officers and give them limited additional strength, especially when used to protect public property such as mass transit stations. This is a special case that is often unique to a particular jurisdiction or locale. In addition, security officers may also be called to act as law enforcement agencies if a police officer, deputy sheriff, etc. is in dire need of help and has no available reserves.

Some security officers do have reserve police forces and are usually employed directly by government agencies. Typically, these are sworn law enforcement personnel whose job mainly involves the security of government installations, and is also a special case. Local governments and other states sometimes enter into special contracts with security agencies to provide patrol services in public places. These personnel are sometimes referred to as "private police officers". Sometimes, police officers work as security officers when not on duty. This is usually done for additional income, and work is mainly done in hazardous jobs such as guard work and guards outside nightclubs. The police are called when a situation guarantees a higher level of authority to action after reporting the observation that security has no authority to act. However, some countries allow the Authorized Security Officers who have the fullest capture power equal to the Deputy Sheriff.

In 1976, the National Advisory Commission on Law Enforcement Enforcement on Criminal Justice and Destination reported:

A great resource, filled with significant numbers of personnel, armed with a variety of technologies, and directed by professionals who have spent their entire adult life learning how to prevent and reduce crime, have not been bugged by the government in the fight against crime. The private security industry, with more than a million workers, advanced alarm systems and perimeter protection, armored trucks, sophisticated minicomputers, and thousands of highly skilled crime prevention experts, offers the potential for coping with crimes unmatched by others. drugs or approaches.... Underutilized by police, all but ignored by prosecutors and judiciary, and unknown correction officials, private security professionals may be the only people in this community who have the knowledge to effectively prevent crime.

In New York City, the Local Police Program/Private Security Program was organized in 1986 by the NYPD commissioner and four former police chiefs working in the private security industry to promote mutual respect, cross training, and sharing crime-related information between police and private security public.

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Trends

Australia

Personal Security personnel initially outnumbered the police. From the Australian Bureau of Statistics reported in 2006 there were 52,768 full-time security officers in the security industry compared to 44,898 police officers. But since the 2007 Act on the Security Industry, it fell to less than half.

English

The trend in the UK at the time of writing (March 2008) is one of polarization. The Markets in Unmanned Guard (a security industry term for security guards familiar to most people) deviate toward the two opposite extremes; one marked by highly trained security personnel and well paid; the other with the security officer on or on the minimum wage with only the minimum training required by law. In the "in-house" sector, where security personnel are not subject to licenses under the Private Security Industry Act of 2001, the same distinction can be seen, with some companies opting for home security to maintain their standard control, while others use it as a route to cheaper, unregulated security. In some cases, such as the Northern Ireland Security Guard Service, security guards can be proven as Special Police.

United States

Economist Robert B. Reich, in his 1991 book The Work of Nations, states that in the United States, the number of private security guards and officers is proportional to the number of police officers paid publicly. He used this phenomenon as an example of the general drawdown of the rich of the existing community in which the government provides public services. Instead, the rich pay to provide their own premium services, through voluntary and exclusive associations. Because taxpayer resistance has limited government budget, and since demand for safe homes in gated communities has grown, this trend continued in the 1990s and 2000s (decades). In the aftermath of the September 11, 2001, trends in the US are one of the silent transformations of the role of security guard into the first responders in cases of terrorist attacks or major disasters. This resulted in longer hours of guard instruction, additional training in terrorism tactics and increased laws governing private security firms in several states.

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History

The vigiles are soldiers assigned to guard the city of Rome, often credited as the origin of both security and police personnel, although their main task is as fire brigades. There's been a night watchman since at least the Middle Ages in Europe; Walled cities in ancient times also had guards. A special chair appeared in Europe at the end of the Middle Ages, called the guard chairs; this laminated wooden chair has a chair tilted forward to prevent the guard from falling asleep during duty.

src: securityservicenews.com

Leading individuals

• The security guard Frank Wills detected the June 17, 1972 breakup at the Democratic National Committee headquarters in the Watergate office complex in Washington, DC, which ultimately led to the resignation of Richard M. Nixon as President of the United States.
• Christoph Meili, a night watchman at a Swiss bank, became a whistle blower in 1997

  Source of the article : Wikipedia